Walter Disney Elias - 1058 Words

Walter Disney Elias was born on December 5, 1901 in Chicago, Illinois to Elias Disney (father) and Flora Call Disney (mother). Walt was named after his dad Elias. Walt was one of 5 kids in his household: one girl and four boys. Walt lived most of his life in Marceline, Missouri, on a farm. Walt Disney first discovered his interest in drawing when he was seven-years old. Though he sometimes didn’t have paper to draw on, he used napkins or drew on what he could find. Walt made money when he was only seven by selling small sketches and drawings to his neighbors and people he knew. One time Walt convinced his sister Ruth to help him paint one of the sides of their house with tar, only to get in trouble by his mom. As a child Walt had many small jobs to help him make money; he sold drawings, newspapers, popcorn, and soda to travelers that passed by the railroads near his house. Education Walt didn’t start school till he was seven because his dad though it would be better if he waited a bit longer to start school. In 1910, the Disney family moved to Kansas City because Elias Disney bought a distributorship for the newspaper. Roy and Walt delivered the newspaper without getting paid for it. Once again in 1912, the Disney family moved to Chicago, Illinois because one night Roy decided to leave home and that put a lot of pressure on Walt for delivering the newspaper shortly after the Disney family chose to leave. Once in Chicago Walt, enrolled in to McKinley High School and tookShow MoreRelatedWalter Elias Disney746 Words   |  3 Pages Walter Elias Disney was born on December 5th, 1901 in Hermosa, Chicago, Illinois. Disney, unfortunately, died on December 15th, 1966, 10 days after his 65th birthday. He is well-known because of his family entertainment company. He had many accomplishments throughout his life, being an ambulance driver in WWI, incorporated Laugh-o-gram, created Mickey Mouse which lead to Steamboat Willie (A cartoon that synchronizes sound and animation), Mickey Mouse Club passes one million people, Three LittleRead MoreWalter Elias Disney Essay1290 Words   |  6 PagesWalter Elias Disney is a very famous animator, producer, director, screenwriter, entrepreneur, and voice actor. Walter Disney was born on December 5, 1901 and died on December 15, 1966. This man is very well-known to children from the ages five to sixteen. Every child in America watches Disney Channel on television. The parents to these children know that the shows on Disney Channel were made to entertain children like their own. Disney Channel is only one thing that has Walter Elias Disneys nameRead More Walter Elias Disney Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesWalter Elias Disney Disney has become a household name in American society, but most people are not aware of Walt Disneys struggles before becoming one of the twentieth centurys most prominent and successful animators and film directors. Walt Disney is best know for his characters Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Pluto, Goofy, and Minnie Mouse, but his company can also be credited with achievements such as the first fully synchronized sound picture, Steamboat Willie, the first full-color animationRead MoreWalter Elias : Walt Disney2016 Words   |  9 PagesWalter Elias â€Å"Walt† Disney was born the 5th of December 1901 in Hermosa, Illinois. His parents were Elias Disney, an Irish-Canadian and Flora Call, a German-American. Elias worked as a building contractor and Flora as a teacher. His father was a very strict and religious man who was known to often physically abuse his children. He was a building contractor when Walter was born, but soon after took over a farm in Marceline Missouri. Disney wa s one of five children born to the couple, four boysRead MoreWalter Elias Disney s Life1216 Words   |  5 PagesWalter Elias Disney was born on December 5, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois. His father was Elias Disney, an Irish-Canadian, who was a building contractor, and his mother, Flora Call Disney, was German-American, who was a public school teacher. Walt was one of five children, four boys and a girl. He lived most of his youth in Marceline, Missouri, where he began painting, drawing, and selling pictures to neighbors and family friends. In 1911, his family moved to Kansas City, where Walt acquired a loveRead MoreWalter Elias Disney s Life1693 Words   |  7 PagesWalter Elias Disney was born in December 5, 1901 in Hermosa, Illinois. Walt Disney was born to his two parents Elias Disney, who was an Irish Canadian, and Flora Call Disney, who was a German American. His siblings are Roy O. Disney, Raymond Arnold Disney, Herbert Arthur Disney, and Ruth Flora Disney. For most of his ch ildhood, he grew up in Marceline, Missouri. As a child, Walt would sell his drawings, painting, and pictures to his neighbors and family friends. In 1911, he moved to Kansas CityRead MoreThe Life of Walter Elias Disney Essay2018 Words   |  9 PagesWalter Elias Disney Early life and background Walter Elias Disney, known as Walt Disney was born of the 5th of december 1901 in Chicago. His father Elias Disney, was an irish-Canadian and his mother flora call Disney, who is of English and German decent. In 1909 Walt and his younger sister Ruth attended the new park school of Marceline. The Disneys lived in Marceline for four years before moving to Kansas in 1911. While in Kansas Walt and Ruth attended the Benton Grammar school. During hisRead MoreWalter Elias Disney And The Construction Of Your Career958 Words   |  4 Pagesperson or fictional character? ? How are you different from this person of fictional character? How do you see these characteristic being used in the construction of your career? Walter Elias Disney, or Walt Disney as he is known to most, was born in Chicago, Illinois on December 5, 1901 to Elias and Flora Disney. He was the fourth child born, with three older brothers and one younger sister. Walt started to develop a skill for drawing at the young age of four; a skill that would eventually growRead MoreWalter Elias Disney : An Influential People Of The Twentieth Century1810 Words   |  8 PagesAndrew Hefley Civics 8 Mr. Ballard Rough Draft Due: 12/3/14 Walter Elias Walt Disney Introduction Walter Elias Disney can be described many different ways. Was he an entrepreneur, innovator, cartoonist, film director, or father? What was it that made him one of the most influential people of the twentieth century? It was his passion for innovation, his mind of wonders, and his loving and caring personality. This is why he is the icon that he has come to be known today. Early Life â€Å"‘Dad, I wantRead MoreWalter Elias Disney Was Known As A American Voice Actor,975 Words   |  4 PagesWalter Elias Disney was known as a American voice actor, film producer, entrepreneur and animator. Walt was born on December 5,1901 in Hermosa neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois. Walt’s parents were Elias Disney and Flora Disney. Elias Disney was born in the Province of Canada, while Flora Disney’s parents were descendants of German and English culture. Walt was the fourth born out of five children. His siblings, Herbert, Raymond, Roy and Ruth. At a young age Walt had a n interest in drawing , painting

Alcoholism Culturally Free Essays

Alcoholism can be defined in accordance to three distinct dimensions. Culturally, alcoholism is defined as a form of deviant drinking behavior that falls outside what culture perceives as the acceptable limits of alcohol consumption. This means that in some societies alcoholic behavior may be viewed as normative as opposed to cultural; perceptions in another society. We will write a custom essay sample on Alcoholism Culturally or any similar topic only for you Order Now Behaviorally, alcoholism assumes definitions that distinct between alcohol use, misuse and abuse. In this context alcohol misuse denotes the expression of adverse consequences of alcohol use. Alcohol abuse is definitive of a pattern of chronic and excessive alcohol consumption the effects of which express themselves as adverse physical, social and or behavioral consequences. Physiologically, alcoholism is defined with respect to alcohol addiction, habituation or dependence. Despite this diversity of definitions only the medical definition of alcoholism offers a succinct distinction as it relies on both the behavioral and physiologically based definitions(Steinglass, 31). Alcoholism can thus be defined as an addictive dependency on alcohol induced craving accompanied by loss of control, complete physical dependence on alcohol and withdrawal symptoms Medically therefore alcoholism is understood to be a product of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. Alcoholism is caused by grossly intricate, complex, interconnected and interrelated psychological, physiological, social and genetic factors (Kansal Kamal 1). Usually a variety of factors lead to the development of alcoholism. Social factors include the influence of friends, peers, family, the availability of alcohol, and the perceptions of the society. Psychological factors include inadequate coping mechanisms, elevated stress levels, and reinforcement of the use of alcohol from other drinkers. There is also a growing controversy over evidences that alcoholism may be caused by biologic and genetic predispositions (Powell 24). Recent genetic studies have confirmed that when D2 dopamine receptor gene is passed on from the parents to the siblings in a specific form, chances of developing alcoholism are enhanced. Alcohol addiction or rather physical dependence on alcohol follows a gradual drinking pattern. With every pint of alcohol consumed the balance of chemicals in the brain like gamma aminobutyric acid which is responsible for the inhibition of impulsiveness, and another neurochemical glutamate which is responsible for nervous system excitation, are altered. Alcohol raises dopamine levels in the brain hence creating the pleasurable feeling that is usually associated with alcohol consumption. With time, excessive alcohol consumption depletes or increases the levels of such neurochemicals. The resultant effect is that a level of craving is created where an individual will have to additively consume alcohol to restore good feelings or degenerate into withdrawal symptoms. Based on studies comparing the size of amygdala, researchers have been able to significantly correlate the size of amygdala and the addiction process. Because the size of amygdala is inherited and that it is home to neurotransmitters, it may contain the link between alcoholism and psychological predisposing factors such as stress and anxiety. It is also postulated that inheritance of a dysfunction in serotonin transmission my be to blame for the degree of alcohol tolerance. Since serotonin is involved in well being behaviors such as eating, relaxing, sleeping as well as aggressive and impulsive behaviors any dysfunction in its transmission is bound to predispose an individual to alcoholism. Factors that contribute to the addiction process can be sub categorized as; genetic factors, emotional state factors, physiological factors, and socio-cultural factors. Genetic factors may cause an individual to develop a degree of vulnerability. This vulnerability is caused by an imbalance in neurochemicals. Emotional state factors can either be stress, emotional pain or anxiety. These factors predispose a one to engage in alcohol consumption as a means of blanketing out undesirable emotions. Some hormones that are responsible for the development of stress, anxiety and depression have also been incriminated in the progression to alcoholism. Socio-cultural factors play a very important role in the development of alcoholism. Some cultures perceive alcohol as a rite of adulthood or manliness. In such culture the media has been instrumental in glamorizing the consumption of alcohol through catchy phrasals and visuals. Such adverts which are obviously aimed at increasing the profitability of the sponsor mislead a huge chunk of the general populace in thinking that excessive alcohol consumption is the modernized version of entertainment. Alcoholism is a medical condition and as such it is expressed as symptomatic progressive disease. This disease is predominantly diagnosed through adverse effects and behaviors. The adverse effects are based on functioning. Two basic diagnostic criteria are used. Usually alcohol abuse or alcoholism is related with a broad range of psychiatric, medical, social, legal, economic, occupational and family problems. So many of these symptoms are related to the descriptive of stage of dependency. Early signs of the disease include; frequent pursuit of intoxication which progresses into a well established heavy drinking pattern. During these circumstances an individual may blackout, experienced a drastic change in demeanor while consuming alcohol and exhibit impulsive behaviors such as anger and unaccustomed violence. Other symptoms include; drunken driving, absence from work, shirking of responsibilities and basically having trouble with the law. In the absence of alcohol dependence acute intoxication can be fatal or cause mental damage. Another symptom is family problems. In most cases individuals suffering from alcoholism may be characterized by divorce, child abuse and neglect, spouse abuse, criminal behaviors and welfare dependence. The problem is even more worsened if the alcoholics themselves strive to conceal and develop a culture of denial even though they can discern the cause of family problems. Fro this reason thousands of people suffering from alcoholism pass unrecognized by health professionals. Medically symptoms may be expressed in the form of alcoholism related diseases such as gastritis, pancreatitis, cirrhosis, neuropathy, cerebral atrophy, Wernicke’s encephalopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, Korsakoff’s dementia, seizures, central pontine myelinolysis, confusion, hallucinations, peptic ulcers, malnutrition and gastrointestinal bleeding (www. mayoclinic. com). A second basic diagnostic criterion relies on the family history of alcoholism. When children from families without any history of . alcoholism are compared with those from families with a history of alcoholism, it is easy to demonstrate the fact that children of alcoholics are at an elevated risk of alcohol abuse, misuse and alcoholism. Moreover, history of alcoholism may also predispose the younger children to other forms of drug abuse, anxiety disorders, conduct problems and a host of psychiatric disorders. All these are predisposing risk factors. Just like any disease, alcoholism can also be mitigated by a set of medical and non medical interventions. Depending on various circumstances, the treatment program may encompass, an evaluation followed by a brief intervention. After this brief intervention the patient will be undertaken though an outpatient program and counseling or in other cases a residential inpatient stays (www. mayoclinic. com). Evaluation is mainly involves the determination of the level of dependence. Residential treatment programs carry out strategies like abstinence, alcoholism support groups (such as alcoholics anonymous), individual therapy and or group therapy, activity therapy, family involvement, educational lectures and in depth counseling programs. Medical interventions mainly include the treatment and management of the alcohol related diseases and disorders. Works Cited Alcoholism. http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/alcoholism Kansal, Kamal Kamal, Kansal. (2004). Homoeopathic Family Kit. B. Jain Publishers, p. 1-5 Powell. (2005). Alcohol. Black Rabbit Books, p. 24-25 Steinglass, Peter. (1988). The Alcoholic Family: Drinking Problems in a Family Context Taylor Francis, p. 30-40 How to cite Alcoholism Culturally, Papers

Diploma of Leadership Management

Question: Explain about the action plan templates. Answer: Action Plan Templates Action/ Activity Timeframe Person / Responsible Description of strategy/ tactic/ rationale for action Resource, if required HR meeting with manager (Rental) 1;30 pm to 2 pm 22/05/2016 HR Business Partner (You) presentation with clear communication, face to face meeting and personal interaction NA meeting with employee from rental section 9am to 11am 23/5/2016 manager rental section Meeting and interrelating with employees NA Keep monitoring on the employees performance (weekly once) (Rental) 3pm to 5 pm 24/05/2016 Manager rental section By keep monitoring on the performance of the individuals in the workplace the organisation can assess their performance and it can be benefited for the effective growth and expansion of the organisation. By the help of key performance indicator form the individual can assess their performance annually within the organisation. NA Aware employee about the legal, safety, data protection and other policies within the organisation (Rental) 9am to 12pm 25/05/2016 Human Business Partner (You) By promoting more awareness about the different legal policies and rules within the organisation it mitigates problems and health issues for the individuals in the organisation (Schein 1985). By the help of proper data safety act the organisation can enhance their safety concern in the business growth and expansion in the market. NA Promote Rewards to the employee and the manager (Rental) NA Human Business Partner (You) To praise the performance of the individual the management needs to praise and provide effective rewards management schemes to the individuals for their future growth and development (Marquis and Huston 2009). NA References Marquis, Bessie L and Carol Jorgensen Huston. 2009. Leadership Roles And Management Functions In Nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Peters, Thomas J and Nancy Austin. 1985. A Passion For Excellence. New York: Random House. Schein, Edgar H. 1985. Organizational Culture And Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

The gods and goddesses that the Greek people belie Essay Example For Students

The gods and goddesses that the Greek people belie Essay ve in make up the Greek mythology studied today. These divine characters represent a family living on Mount Olympus who intervene frequently in the lives of the human characters in Greek plays. They are omnipresent, for they are always observing mans actions and working through human nature. The gods are a higher power, and provide explanations for otherwise unexplainable events. The gods help humans in trouble and give them guidance about the future. The Olympians influence men on earth both psychologically and physically. In Homers epic poem, The Iliad, the intervention of such divine powers as Athena, Apollo, and Zeus play significant roles in the lives of the characters and the events of the Greek-Trojan War. We will write a custom essay on The gods and goddesses that the Greek people belie specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Athena plays a very influential role in the Greek-Trojan War. She is the most constant divine supporter of the Greeks and divine enemy of the Trojans. Athenas function is to be a goddess of pro-Greek warfare. She came to the aid of the Greeks many times throughout the war. For instance, Athena came down from the sky to stop Achilleus from attacking Agamemnon (Willcock). Andre Michalopoulous confirms this action by quoting what Athena says to Achilles :I came from heaven to stay thine anger, if perchance though wilthearken to me, being sent forth of the white-armed goddess Hera, thatloveth you twain alike and careth for you. Go to now, cense from strife,and let not thine hand draw the sword.(65) Achilles listens to Athenas request, and therefore he returns his sword to its sheath, and withdraws from battle. Athena also assists Achilles in his battle with Hektor. Malcolm Willcock quotes, After deceiving Hektor into fighting Achilles,she comes to his aid by returning his sword to him ( 244). This intervention is the greatest assist of a divine power to a human being in The Iliad. Athena also plays an influential role in the battles of Diomedes. Martin Mueller reveals, Athena is closest to Diomedes.She is with him at the beginning and end of his aristeia and she addresses him without disguise (136). Athena also urges Diomedes to fight Aphrodite. With this command, she removes the cloud from his eyes which made him able to see the gods. Furthermore, as Robert Graves states, She put fresh strength into his legs and arms, which allowed him to sustain in battle with Aphrodite (104). Athena instructs Diomedes not to attack any other gods; but, Diomedes does not take her advice, and fights against Apollo and other gods, which causes Diomedes to retreat until he is saved by being reunited with Athena. This powerful goddess assistsd Diomedes greatly as she does the other characters in The Iliad. Another Greek warrior who is helped by Athena was Pandaros. Athena encourage s him to break the truce with Menelaos , but, as Willcock states, This does not lessen his own responsibility for his treachery He is a fool to be persuaded (46). Then, she switches to Menelaos side, to prevent any serious harm from the arrow that was shot. Athena protects these warriors as she protects the other Greeks. She usually protects the characters who were natural winners. Athena supports those who have the potential to be successful and therefore she assists many of the Greek heroes (Willcock). In Addition to Athena, Apollo also plays an influental role in the Greek-Trojan War. Apollo is the most important divine supporter of the Trojans. Willcock tells us, He is the archer god who strikes from afar, the god of disease and healing (4). Apollos first intervention occurs after Agamemnon had taken Apollos priest daughter as a war prize. Apollo sends a nine day pestilence upon the Greeks. Pack animals were his first target, and dogs, / but soldiers, too, soon felt transfixing pain from his hard shots and pyres burned night and day (Iliad I. 23-24). Apollo also intervenes in the Greek-Trojan War to assist the human characters. One of the warriors Apollo assists is Pandaros. In fact, Apollo is the one who gave Pandaros his bow after he broke the truce with Menelaos by shooting an arrow at him. But, this passage does not truly refer to the actual action of Apollo handing Pandaros his bow, but rather that, as Seth Schein believes, Pandaros was a specifically good archer (57). Beca use he is a good archer, it is believed that Pandaros is blessed by the god of archery. .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .postImageUrl , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:hover , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:visited , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:active { border:0!important; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:active , .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11 .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3282ead5c32c4c4d0f23f3c9bbaa2a11:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: About Medical Marijuana Essay Agenor, Hektors half brother, is another Trojan warrior that Apollo aids. Agenor is debating on whether or not to run into the city of Troy to save the Trojan people, because if he does he probably will be caught and killed by Achilles. Finally, he decides to run into the city and stand and face Achilles. He hit Achilles with a spear cast, and Achilles begins to fight back. But, before Achilles could do anything, Apollo intervenes by taking the form of Agenor, and removing him from the battle. Then, runs away to lure Achilles apart from the rest of the Trojans. Mark Edwards believes Because of Apollos intervention, both Agenor and the Trojans are saved from Achilles wrath (290). An additional god that intervenes in the Greek-Trojan War is Zeus. Zeus is not only the most powerful god in The Iliad, but he also plays the most influential role of any of the other gods. As Willcock states, Zeus is the supreme god without whose will nothing important happens in the world below (14). This will, or plan, of Zeus is central to the plot of The Iliad and plays a decisive role in the main events of the play. Perhaps the reason Zeus is such an influential god is because he intervenes in both the affairs of the Greeks and the Trojans. He is a neutral god, who is a tandom dispenser of good and evil throughout the play (Mueller 147). Zeus neutrality is expressed by Willcock , as he states Zeus, king of the gods, is impartial but knows that Troy is in doom (283). Zeus remains neutral throughout the play by coming to the aid of both the Greeks and the Trojans whenever he deems it necessary. Zeus assists the Greeks during the war in many w ays. One of the ways in which he comes to the aid of the Greeks is by sending an omen. Agamemnon prays to Zeus that his army might not perish. In response to his prayer, Zeus sends an eagle as a sign that he had granted his wish. This prayer is demonstrated as John Scott says :Just at the moment when the Trojans seemed on the point of victory an eagle appeared on the left with a live snake in its talons. The snake kept striking at the neck and breast of its captor until the eagle was forced to drop it and fly away, while the snake fell and squirmed within the ranks of the Trojans.(215)Because of this affirmation, the Greeks rejoice and rally. The Trojans decide that this is the a sign from Zeus to end the battle, even though it seemed it was going to be a success for the Trojans. In addition to Agamemnons prayer, Zeus receives a prayer from Thetis. Thetis, the mother of Achilles prays to Zeus :Father Zeus, if ever before in word or action I did you favor among immortals, now grant w hat I ask for. Now give honor to my son short lived beyond all other mortals. So long put strength in the Trojans, until the Achaians give my son his rights and his honor is increased among them. (Iliad 256-64)Zeus decides to grant Thetis wish and help the Trojan army. This action is an answer to Thetis prayer because she wanted the Trojans to start winning battles to bet back at the Acheans and Agamemnon for dishonoring Achilles by taking his war prize. Therefore, Thetis is granted the wish that she wanted through the mighty power of Zeus. Answering the prayers of the Greeks such as Achilles and Thetis is just one of the ways in which Zeus helps the Greeks. Although Zeus is essentially a neutral god sometimes he shows favortism to one side or the other. In many instances, he aides and intervenes in the Greek-Trojan war in favor of the Greeks. .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .postImageUrl , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:hover , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:visited , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:active { border:0!important; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:active , .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43 .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0926a91f38ddfcc604932077302d9a43:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Attachment Parenting EssayNot only did Zeus assist the Greeks in the Greek-Trojan War, but he also aides the Trojans. For instance, Zeus is tempted by Hera before the battle that destroys the city of Troy. In return for this destruction, Hera would give Zeus the cities that she loved the most Argos, Sparta, and Mycena. Edwards confirms this temptation as he states :Before the battle really begins there is a prelude in which Zeus speaksof his love for Troy and Hera offers to sacrifice her own favorite cities in return for Troys destruction; the traditional reasons for her hatred the judgement of Paris and Zues love for the Trojan boy Ganymede are left unmentioned, perhap s to make her anger more irrational. (128) Zeus decision to avoid destructing the city of Troy immensly aggrivates Hera. His decision also shows that he was protecting the city of Troy, thus helping the Trojans in the Greek-Trojan War. Zeus assists the Trojans in another instance by directly intervening in a battle. Mueller says, After a general account of indecisive fighting, the turning point in the second days battle comes when Zeus intervened on the side of the Trojans (103). Zeus aids the Trojans by sending down a lightening bolt to make Diomedes, the Greek warrior, retreat. Because of Diomedes retreat, Hektor is able to push the Acheans back on their ships that are now threatened with fire. Zeus gives the Trojans another victory later in the war when the Greeks and the Trojans begin fighting over Patroklos body, a battle arises between the two enemies. At this time, Zeus intervenes in the battle and once again comes to the Trojans aid. Mueller states, At length Zeus gives victory to the Trojans, and in a passage richly studded with similies the poet describes the retreat of the Acheans, with Meriones and Menelaos carrying the body while the two Aiantes provide cover (107). Zeus plays an important part in the victories of the Trojans. He inspires terror into the Greeks (Willcock 98) and enables the Trojans to overcome the Greeks many times throughout the Greek-Trojan War. The Greek-Trojan War in The Iliad is not only a War between human characters, but it is also a battle between divine characters. While the Olympians immortality separates them from man and leaves them free from death and suffering, there power brings them closer to humans because it is constantly being used to either aid or hamper mans progress. These gods are central to the poem because they are actually responsible for the wars beginnings, and every event that occurs has been affected by a god in some way. The gods have the power to control the outcome of the events on earth because man can be persuaded so easily. Therefore, the divine intervention in the war is frequent and significant to the wars outcome. The power of the gods such as Athena, Apollo and Zeus is crucial to the events in The Iliad, for the Greek-Trojan War is a battle between not only the heroic human warriors, but also the mighty dine gods.

Europe After The Rain Essays - Web Colors, Surrealist Techniques

Europe After The Rain Essays - Web Colors, Surrealist Techniques Europe After The Rain The Painting was made by Max Ernst in 1940. Max Erns, was the inventor of the technique called frottage. I characterized this painting to be very expressive. The painting illustrate the consequences of a storm and the effects it has in our nature. It is a representation of Europe after a day of a storm. Ernst used a special Technique called Frottage, with this technique he was able to create a numerous variety of textural effects. Ernsts technique consists of putting a piece of paper over a texture surface like floorboards and wooden surfaces, and then rubbing a soft pencil across the paper. He would then arrange these textures in visions of surrealistic forests and beautiful landscape. The painting was made of oil on canvas. H 21 9/16in. W.58 3/16in. It posses an analogous color scheme, made up of blue, yellow, white, black and green. The painting is a study in athmosphetic perspective, the sky appears white and blue, and mountains appear black and yellow. The black and yellow color gives the mountains a hot dry look and the white and blue color shows how hot the atmosphere is. The appearance of both warm color (yellow) and cool color (blue) tend to evoke a Sense of contrast tension when they both appear to be together on the same painting. In conclusion the painting impact me for it visual texture. Its view of a real storm, each color on it, reflects the causes of a real storm and the way the artist develops it.

Babylon, the Glorious Ancient Mesopotamian Capital

Babylon, the Glorious Ancient Mesopotamian Capital Babylon was the name of the capital of Babylonia, one of several city-states in Mesopotamia. Our modern name for the city is a version of the  ancient Akkadian name for it: Bab Ilani or Gate of the Gods. Babylons ruins are located in what is today Iraq, near the modern town of Hilla and on the eastern bank of the Euphrates river. People first lived at Babylon at least as long ago as the late 3rd millennium BC, and it became the political center of southern Mesopotamia beginning in the 18th century, during the reign of Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC). Babylon maintained its importance as a city for an astounding 1,500 years, until around 300 BC. Hammurabis City A Babylonian description of the ancient city, or rather a list of the names of the city and its temples, is found in the cuneiform text called Tintir Babylon, so named because its first sentence translates to something like Tintir is a name of Babylon, on which glory and jubilation are bestowed. This document is a compendium of Babylons significant architecture, and it was probably compiled about 1225 BC, during the era of Nebuchadnezzar I. Tintir lists 43 temples, grouped by the quarter of the city in which they were located, as well as city-walls, waterways, and streets, and a definition of the ten city quarters. What else we know of the ancient Babylonian city comes from archaeological excavations. German archaeologist Robert Koldewey  dug a huge pit 21 meters [70 feet] deep into the tell discovering the Esagila temple in the early 20th century. It wasnt until the 1970s when a joint Iraqi-Italian team led by Giancarlo Bergamini revisited the deeply buried ruins. But, apart from that, we dont know a lot about Hammurabis city, because it was destroyed in the ancient past. Babylon Sacked According to cuneiform writings, Babylons rival Assyrian king Sennacherib sacked the city in 689 BC. Sennacherib bragged that he razed all the buildings and dumped the rubble into the Euphrates River. Over the next century, Babylon was reconstructed by its Chaldean rulers, who followed the old city plan. Nebuchadnezzar II (604-562) conducted a massive reconstruction project and left his signature on many of Babylons buildings. It is Nebuchadnezzars city that dazzled the world, beginning with the admiring reports of Mediterranean historians. Nebuchadnezzars City Nebuchadnezzars Babylon was enormous, covering an area of some 900 hectares (2,200 acres): it was the largest city in the Mediterranean region until imperial Rome. The city lay within a large triangle measuring 2.7x4x4.5 kilometers (1.7x2.5x2.8 miles), with one edge formed by the bank of the Euphrates and the other sides made up of walls and a moat. Crossing the Euphrates and intersecting the triangle was the walled rectangular (2.75x1.6 km or 1.7x1 mi) inner city, where most of the major monumental palaces and temples were located. The major streets of Babylon all led to that central location. Two walls and a moat surrounded the inner city and one or more bridges connected the eastern and western parts. Magnificent gates allowed entry to the city: more of that later. Temples and Palaces At the center was the main sanctuary of Babylon: in Nebuchadnezzars day, it contained 14 temples. The most impressive of these was the Marduk Temple Complex, including the Esagila (The House Whose Top is High) and its massive ziggurat, the Etemenanki (House/Foundation of Heaven and the Underworld). The Marduk Temple was surrounded by a wall pierced with seven gates, protected by the statues of dragons made from copper. The ziggurat, located across an 80 m (260 ft) wide street from the Marduk Temple, was also surrounded by high walls, with nine gates also protected by copper dragons. The main palace at Babylon, reserved for official business, was the Southern Palace, with an enormous throne room, decorated with lions and stylized trees. The Northern Palace, thought to have been the Chaldean rulers residence, had lapis-lazuli glazed reliefs. Found within its ruins was a collection of much older artifacts, collected by the Chaldeans from various places around the Mediterranean. The Northern Palace was considered a possible candidate for the Hanging Gardens of Babylon; although evidence has not been found and a more likely location outside of Babylon has been identified (see Dalley). Babylons Reputation In the Christian Bibles  Book of Revelation  (ch. 17), Babylon was described as Babylon the great, mother of harlots and of earths abominations, making it the epitome of evil and decadence everywhere. This was a bit of religious propaganda to which the preferred cities of  Jerusalem  and Rome were compared and warned against becoming. That notion dominated western thought until late 19th-century German excavators brought home parts of the ancient city and installed them in a museum in Berlin, including the marvelous dark-blue Ishtar gate with its bulls and dragons. Other historians marvel at the citys amazing size. The Roman historian  Herodotus  [~484-425 BC] wrote about Babylon in the first book of his  Histories  (chapters 178-183), although scholars argue about whether Herodotus actually saw Babylon or just heard about it. He described it as a vast city, much much larger than the archaeological evidence shows, claiming that the city walls stretched a circumference of some 480 stadia (90 km). The 5th-century Greek historian Ctesias, who probably did actually visit in person, said the city walls stretched 66 km (360 stadia).  Aristotle  described it as a city that has the size of a nation. He reports that when  Cyrus the Great  captured the outskirts of the city, it took three days for the news to reach the center. The Tower of Babel According to Genesis in the Judeo-Christian Bible, the  Tower of Babel  was built in an attempt to reach heaven. Scholars believe that the massive Etemenanki ziggurat was the inspiration for the legends. Herodotus reported that the ziggurat had a solid central tower with eight tiers. The towers could be climbed by way of an exterior spiral staircase, and about half-way up there was a place to rest. On the 8th tier of the Etemenanki ziggurat was a great temple with a large, richly decorated couch and beside it stood a golden table. No one was allowed to spend the night there, said Herodotus, except one specially selected Assyrian woman. The ziggurat was dismantled by  Alexander the Great  when he conquered Babylon in the 4th century BC. City Gates The Tintir Babylon tablets list the city gates, which all had evocative nicknames, such as the Urash gate, The Enemy is Abhorrent to it, the Ishtar gate Ishtar overthrows its Assailant and the Adad gate O Adad, Guard the Life of the Troops. Herodotus says there were 100 gates in Babylon: archaeologists have only found eight in the inner city, and the most impressive of those was the Ishtar gate, built and rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar II, and currently on display at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. To get to the Ishtar Gate, the visitor walked for some 200 m (650 ft) between two high walls decorated with bas-reliefs of 120 striding lions. The lions are brightly colored and the background is a striking glazed lapis lazuli dark blue. The tall gate itself, also dark blue, depicts 150 dragons and bulls, symbols of the protectors of the city, Marduk and Adad. Babylon and Archaeology The archaeological site of Babylon has been excavated by a number of people, most notably by  Robert Koldewey  beginning in 1899. Major excavations ended in 1990. Many cuneiform tablets were collected from the city in the 1870s and 1880s, by  Hormuzd Rassam  of the British Museum. The Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities conducted work at Babylon between 1958 and the onset of the Iraq war in the 1990s. Other recent work was conducted by a German team in the 1970s and an Italian one from the University of Turin in the 1970s and 1980s. Heavily damaged by the Iraq/US war, Babylon has recently been investigated by researchers of the  Centro Ricerche Archeologiche e Scavi di Torino  at the University of Turin using QuickBird and satellite imagery to quantify and monitor the ongoing damage. Sources Much of the information about Babylon here is summarized from Marc Van de Mieroops 2003 article in the American Journal of Archaeology for the later city; and George (1993) for the Babylon of Hammurabi. Brusasco P. 2004. Theory and practice in the study of Mesopotamian domestic space.  Antiquity  78(299):142-157.Dalley S. 1993.  Ancient Mesopotamian gardens and the identification of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon resolved.  Garden History  21(1):1-13.George AR. 1993.  Babylon revisited: archaeology and philology in harness.  Antiquity  67(257):734-746.Jahjah M, Ulivieri C, Invernizzi A, and Parapetti R. 2007.  Archaeological remote sensing application pre-postwar situation of Babylon archaeological site- Iraq.  Acta Astronautica 61:121–130.Reade J. 2000.  Alexander the Great and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.  Iraq  62:195-217.Richard S. 2008. ASIA, WEST |  Archaeology of the Near East: The Levant. In: Pearsall DM, editor.  Encyclopedia of Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 834-848.Ur J. 2012. Southern Mesopotamia. In: Potts DT, editor.  A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. p 533-555.Van de M ieroop M. 2003.  Reading Babylon.  American Journal of Archaeology  107(2):254-275.

College inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

College inc - Essay Example Which is not a bad mindset to be subliminally feeding the viewers at all. The commercials for these schools do not sell an education, they sell idealism. They sell a lifestyle, They sell a promise to give you an education that will set you on the road to financial stability. In other words, the ads feed on the vulnerability of the American population that is looking for a way to have a better life or a better job. The people who tend to be enticed by these ads are those who have been rejected by regular educational institutions either for lack of qualifications or a full roster of students. If I were in charge of a for profit school that is worth around $60 million like Chancellor University, I would allocate 50 percent of the profits to raising the standard of education by hiring the best possible professors that money can buy in a contractual basis. That is because tenure is something that is severely over rated. Teachers should not be paid more on the basis of their tenure at a college, rather they should be paid for the quality of their ability to teach. If they dont pass muster, then get rid of them. But that can only be done if the professor does not hold tenure at the college. Federal grants help the students at the for profit colleges get a jump start on their education by allowing the students access to taxpayer dollars that was meant to help them give back to the society later on in their professional lives. Since the FSA takes care of 90% of the fees, the student practically has a free ride through college. The for profit colleges benefit from the system because they are sure to be paid for their tuition fees and other charges regardless of the actual capacity of the student to pay for their education. Uncle Sam actually takes care of that for them. The problem is that some for profit colleges such as DeVry University offer programs that are not accredited by the correct institutions and therefore

Eng 45 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Eng 45 - Essay Example In the first stanza the poet is also being called by the rope, he is instead in a terrible state that he is dispatched and left to wonder along the cathedral. The image portrayed by this line is that, the poet steps from hell but only to get his feet inserted in the cold. The cathedral does not give him the chance and opportunity to speak to God as it does other people. This is a description of the poets suffering, from the lines in the first stanza it is obvious that the life he lives does not offer much comfort. He speaks of God as a sign that he knows of His existence but, the thought stops there he knows but does not believe. A peek into Harts life show how much he believes in his talents. He saw himself a s a genius who was being persecuted by the world for his sexual beliefs. On several instances he used it to his advantage. The poem echoes the Greek tragedy in the tale of Orpheus, he descended in the underground and came back to enlighten the rest of the world of his experiences of hell. His underground was his escape from home; rough gay bars of New York. His writing a way of letting the world know of his experience. Crane saw himself as a tragic figure and his sexual orientation and the problems it caused him seem central to this.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is corps of shadows in the bell tower, even before the sun is up or the bells are rung. The corps could be a representation of earlier poets whose greatness allowed them the power to roam the world in the peaceful morning while everyone is still asleep. The poet gives the human power Godly abilities of having life after death. The same way Jesus did his work, and served the people and died for their sins but he sits in heaven (Luke, 23) and watches over mankind even while in their sleep. The poet seeks same greatness, as a reader one sees this in his writing the way he speaks of corps who roam along the

Erich Maria Remarque Essay Example for Free

Erich Maria Remarque Essay â€Å"If you tell the truth, you won’t have to remember anything† (Mark Twain). Throughout my life I have come to recognize many truths. Sometimes I would tell the truth and sometimes I would lie, but when I lied I didn’t always get away with it. Although I do lie about some things and get away with it, I still feel bad about doing it. Throughout my life, Algernon and Jack’s false identities, Father Hooper’s sacrifices, Dr. Heidegger’s experiments, Eldorado’s disappointing truth, and Paul’s journey, we are awaken with the truth. The theme of truth has been revolving around all our first quarter readings. In the poem Eldorado by Edgar Allan Poe, a knight is on a journey to find this joyful land, called Eldorado. The knight continues to search for Eldorado, but he knows he has failed. But he keeps searching, and even though, in his mind, he knows that Eldorado is a fictional place, in his heart he still believes it’s real. The knight in Eldorado recognizes a fairly disappointing truth, that Eldorado is a nonexistent place. â€Å"But he grew old-this knight so bold-and oer his heart a shadow fell as he found no spot of ground that looked like Eldorado† (Poe 305). This quote illustrates how the knight realizes there is no Eldorado. Another example of the recognition of truth is in All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, when Paul Baumer realizes the truth about war, and how it really destroys people, physically and mentally. â€Å"I am young, I am twenty years old; yet I know nothing of life but despair, death, fear, and fatuous superficiality cast over an abyss of sorrow. I see how peoples are set against one another, and in silence, unknowingly, foolishly, obediently, innocently slay one another† (Remarque 263). This quote signifies that Paul is very young and that all he knows is death, fear, and despair, and it is because of the war. The war had destroyed him and made Paul a different person. Throughout my life I have come to recognize many truths, but one major one is that nothing in this world is free, even if it doesn’t cost any money, because it still requires work. Nowadays everyone wants to buy the new technology being created, and it has been like this for many years. They also want to buy the clothing that is popular and very expensive. But, neither of the two are free, and they both cost money and both take time to get. I realized this when I was about 8 years old. I would still ask for a lot of things, even though I knew whatever I was asking cost a lot of money, and it was just because everyone else had it. However, when you grow older, you come to recognize that nothing is free and that you have to work for everything. Another important truth that I have come to recognize is that revenge is insignificant and for the irresponsible. When someone does something to you that is cruel or hurtful, you are going to want to get revenge on them, and that’s just how every human being is. I learned that revenge was unimportant a few years ago. My brother told on me for something I did, and I got in a lot of trouble. I was grounded for one week, and that made me furious. So I decided to get revenge on my brother. In the end, when I tried to get revenge, I ended up in more trouble and was grounded for even longer. This has happened to me many times, and I have come to realize that revenge is insignificant, it just makes everything worse. A third, and final, significant truth that I have come to recognize is that everyone will die someday. No matter how old or how young you are, you won’t be alive forever, which is just how life is. So everyone must live their life to the fullest and go out and do things. Don’t kill time, because killing time is priceless, and will never grow back, so why do it. Many people have lists of what they wish to do throughout their lifetime, which is amazing, because these people to realize the fact that they won’t be here one day. I have recognized this truth and am taking it as an advantage, and so should everyone else. Everything is revolved around the truth, whether it’s in your life or in a book you read. However, not many people recognize these truths in life. Once they do, they will be taught remarkable life lessons that will help them out in life. Throughout our lives, I, as well as the characters in the books we have read, have come to recognize many truths about life, which have helped us come to discover many things. Many people should need to start recognizing the truths in their lives, as I did, and it will benefit them in the long run. Works Cited BrainyQuote. Xplore, n. d. Web. 09 Oct. 2013. Holt Elements of Literature. Fifth Course. Essentials of American Literature. Orlando, FL. : Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Print. Remarque, Erich Maria, and A. W. Wheen. All Quiet on the Western Front;. Boston: Little, Brown, and, 1929. Print.

Macbeth: Describe Macbeth As A Tragic Hero :: essays research papers

MACBETH AS A TRAGIC HERO Tragic heroes are within everyone, but cannot be fully exposed or understood without the essential tragic qualities. One must be a potentially noble character who endures heroic qualities and has respect and admiration from the society. Consequently, they must be essentially great. Also within the character must be a flaw or weakness that leads to a fall. Lastly, one is required to possess an element of suffering and redemption. Remorse and regret is a necessity for ones wrong doings or deeds. One’s pays for their wrong doings because of failure to find happiness and regrets for actions taken. Therefore they die heroically. In the play â€Å"Macbeth† this quality of a tragic hero is portrayed though the character Macbeth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The quality of a tragic hero in Macbeth is portrayed first by his position in society and his establishment of greatness. Macbeth is appreciated as a noble character and endures a high rank in the country of Scotland. He aided King Duncan in several victorious battles and his ranking was increased as a result of this. He was crowned Thane of Cawdor in addition to the Thane of Glamis. Macbeth’s position was also seen as high to the Scotish citizen’s because of his relation to the king. However, Macbeth’s bravery on the battlefield was great. â€Å"Till he unseamed him from the nave to the chops, and fixed his head upon the battlements.† (Act 1, Sc.2) And for his victory he receives lavish praise in reports from the Captian and Ross, a Scotish Nobleman. â€Å" †¦As sparrows eagles, or the hare the lion. I must report they were as cannons overcharged with double cracks.† (Act 1, Sc. 2) Macbeth is shown as extravagant on terms o f what they say. He was also complemented several times by the Thane of Fife, Macduff. Furthermore, he was labeled several strong and brave animals on the battlefield, throughout the play. These many assessments and evaluations contribute greatly towards Macbeth’s appearance as a hero.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth’s relationship with his wife, Lady Macbeth, also confirms his innate goodness and suggests well for him. Lady Macbeth highly respects and admires her husband as the Thane of Cawdor and refers to him as â€Å" †¦my dearest partner of greatness.† (Act 1, Sc.5) She constantly demands that she understands Macbeth more than any other. This results in the others being expected to believe her. However, she incessantly declares that he is much too kind, â€Å"Yet I do fear thy nature; It is too full o’ the milk of human kindness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Act 1, Sc 5) Lady Macbeth acknowledges that he has ambition but maintains that he lacks the evil that should attend it. Macbeth: Describe Macbeth As A Tragic Hero :: essays research papers MACBETH AS A TRAGIC HERO Tragic heroes are within everyone, but cannot be fully exposed or understood without the essential tragic qualities. One must be a potentially noble character who endures heroic qualities and has respect and admiration from the society. Consequently, they must be essentially great. Also within the character must be a flaw or weakness that leads to a fall. Lastly, one is required to possess an element of suffering and redemption. Remorse and regret is a necessity for ones wrong doings or deeds. One’s pays for their wrong doings because of failure to find happiness and regrets for actions taken. Therefore they die heroically. In the play â€Å"Macbeth† this quality of a tragic hero is portrayed though the character Macbeth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The quality of a tragic hero in Macbeth is portrayed first by his position in society and his establishment of greatness. Macbeth is appreciated as a noble character and endures a high rank in the country of Scotland. He aided King Duncan in several victorious battles and his ranking was increased as a result of this. He was crowned Thane of Cawdor in addition to the Thane of Glamis. Macbeth’s position was also seen as high to the Scotish citizen’s because of his relation to the king. However, Macbeth’s bravery on the battlefield was great. â€Å"Till he unseamed him from the nave to the chops, and fixed his head upon the battlements.† (Act 1, Sc.2) And for his victory he receives lavish praise in reports from the Captian and Ross, a Scotish Nobleman. â€Å" †¦As sparrows eagles, or the hare the lion. I must report they were as cannons overcharged with double cracks.† (Act 1, Sc. 2) Macbeth is shown as extravagant on terms o f what they say. He was also complemented several times by the Thane of Fife, Macduff. Furthermore, he was labeled several strong and brave animals on the battlefield, throughout the play. These many assessments and evaluations contribute greatly towards Macbeth’s appearance as a hero.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth’s relationship with his wife, Lady Macbeth, also confirms his innate goodness and suggests well for him. Lady Macbeth highly respects and admires her husband as the Thane of Cawdor and refers to him as â€Å" †¦my dearest partner of greatness.† (Act 1, Sc.5) She constantly demands that she understands Macbeth more than any other. This results in the others being expected to believe her. However, she incessantly declares that he is much too kind, â€Å"Yet I do fear thy nature; It is too full o’ the milk of human kindness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Act 1, Sc 5) Lady Macbeth acknowledges that he has ambition but maintains that he lacks the evil that should attend it.

Analysis of the Music of Fantastic Mr. Fox

ANALYSIS OF THE MUSIC OF FANTASTIC MR. FOX INTRODUCTION Mr. and Mrs. Fox (George Clooney and Meryl Streep) have an idyllic home life with their son Ash (Jason Schwartzman) and his young nephew Kristofferson who is visiting. But after twelve years of quiet domesticity, the bucolic existence proves too much for the animal instincts of Mr. Fox. Very soon returns to his old life as a chicken thief from evil farmers (Boggs, Bunce and Bean), endangering not only his family but the entire animal community, which eventually unite to fight against farmers determined to capture the audacious Mr.Fox. In the end, he uses his animal instincts to save his family and friends. The story is based on the famous novel by Roald Dahl, author of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. The film is directed by Wes Anderson director known for directing films such as The Royal Tenembauns, The Life Aquatic, The Darjeeling Limited. He has been nominated for best animated film and best soundtrack at the Oscars, Golde n Globes and BAFTA awards.The original music is by French composer Alexandre Desplat who has composed music for films, including: New Moon, Coco Before Chanel, The Golden Compass, The Queen, The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part I, among many others. ANALYSIS OF MUSIC Start The first thing you hear is a small piece of music that puts us in the context of what the film will be shown as the introductory part of the movie where this also occurs it is the book in which the story is based .We will be located in the field by the instruments we hear mainly a banjo. The opening music is clearly an excerpt from the song you hear once the portable radio, and is notoriously recomposed by Alexander Desplat also proven to be the type of music and instruments that will be listening throughout the film, and to watch the scene Main beautiful scenery of a small mountain with a tree in red colors, brown, no doubt that the field will be the main stage.The song is entitled The Ballad of Davy Crockett one old ballad that harkens back to a time where the heroes sung. The lyrics of the song refers to a folk hero of nineteenth century America named Davy Crockett and by the popular name â€Å"King of the Wild Frontier† (â€Å"King of the Wild Frontier†). The song is very long but in the film is cut the verses that really matter and we emphasize the personality of Mr. Fox and film what happens, a hero who fought in the war and restored peace.The first theft The next song with lyrics we hear is when Mr. Fox and Mrs. Fox venture to catch some pigeons. The song titled â€Å"heroes and villains† sung by The Beach Boys also serve to narrate the action adventure is happening, also told through the lyrics a little junior partner relationship with these two foxes: â€Å"Fell in love years ago With an innocent girl From the Spanish and Indian home Home of the heroes and villains † Here the music seems to end like the feat.Onl y when his wife breaks the news that she is pregnant is when very far away, as in the mind of the fox (who is somewhat shocked principal plane) continued listening to the song. There is a cut, spend years and start another scene, which is linked to the previous thanks to this same song, which continues, now with a slower quieter tone almost like a lullaby, which similarly through letter tells us what happened in that long period of time, with only one stanza of four lines. My children were raised You know They suddenly rise They started slow long ago Ended up healthy wealthy and wise † The next thing we see is Mr. Fox, his wife and the child she had, and a teenage children, all living in a hole. Many of the other songs that are not original compositions for the film we hear are very substantive and serve to acclimate the scene, but always keeping in context with history and the space-time is handled throughout the film. In some of them the composer'sFrench influence becomes ev ident in songs such as â€Å"Street Fighting Man† by the Rolling Stones, â€Å"Une Petite Ile† and â€Å"La nuit americaine† by French composer George Delerue. Boggis, Bunce and Bean Mr. Fox looks out the window of the tree you intend to purchase and three farms currency, listen to a short snippet of melody that later accompany the owners of those farms, moving the camera for each of the farms the tune changes quickly main instrument, depending on the farm. Later when the Badger describes to Mr.Fox physical personality and the three farmers it is here when we have the complete melody with a steady rhythm marked by ukulele, blue and some other instruments but the melody voice changes, always a different wind instrument according to the characteristics of character, for example: a tuba for Boggis that is chubby and eats twelve chickens a day, some variation of flute that sounds almost ridiculous and is for Bunce which is ridiculously tiny, and for Bean who is the leader and the most danger is, a trumpet (or saxophone).So the timbre changes to accentuate the personality of these characters. From here every three characters appear hear this melody with variations in timbre, rhythm and harmonies depending on the case, for example if it is a hunt, hear drums and trumpets we heard when we see a battle, such as those where the Fox lays out a plan later. Moving Mr. Fox ignored warnings about the warnings of the three evil farmers because he has an idea in mind, and moves to the tree near the farms.When performed by moving the squirrel, the music you hear is music that clearly has the function of narrative accompanying a simple Music, with guitar, flute, celeste, violin and strings that give a pinched cheerfully comic to action to bring the furniture and build the house almost like a dollhouse that is arming, or something. Master Plan Phase 1 Mr. Fox decides to implement a master plan to steal chickens on the farm with is buddy Boggis Possum, while Fox explains the plan to this hear in the background a battle music, with a bell percussion compound and a guitar (ukulele, banjo or mandolin) that gives a touch of country necessary. The Music changed to a more forward when the plan is carried out, to narrate the action. The interesting thing about this part is that the music is interrupted constantly to accentuate some funny dialogue or action that works perfectly without disturbing the viewer.There is a change in tone rhythm and melody in the middle and at the end when the situation has eased a bit, the music is much more country like adding trumpet and possibly accelerated noting that the plan has to hurry. This melody of battle was heard later in different robberies that take place. Master Plan Phase 2 Is the farm theft Bunce, who absentmindedly see a magazine, while listening to music on his headphones and eat a donut. Behind him we see all the action happens on TVs connected to security cameras.It may well be nothing of music , but the fact that the Music, classical instrumental melody, is heard through headphones Farmer theft makes everything simpler and easier, like comic. The game of Whack-bat The music you hear in the game background and clearly this is used to narrate the action is happening. The melody is the same we hear the squirrel in the move, only this one has a different timbre and harmonies we hear brass instruments and the snare, the bands typical sports games. Master Plan Phase 3Theft Bean's farm is a little more tricky because Rat watching this place. The music we hear in this part is the melody of the Rat that accentuates your personality and with guitars, drums, Jew's harp, tambourines, whistles, wooden flutes, etc.. to create a western atmosphere as for the duel between Mr. Fox and the Rat. This melody apparatus appears near the end when the rat turns to face Mr. Fox but in dying tone changes to a more melancholy with the ever-present blue and some string instruments. Song to Boggis, B unce and BeanIt is that same melody as the song becomes a Boggis, Bunce and Bean sung by human children of the place with a creepy but funny rhyme to describe the malevolent farmers and is used in the final showdown between animals and farmers, their harmonies higher tones reveal what you know is obvious: in the end the animals get away with it. The end Near the end, when animals were victorious, and the battle ended (for now) listen to The Beach Boys again, we hear not only the beginning but in the middle with the song â€Å"I get arround† when given encouragement to his animal friends giving their positions and Latin names, and now with â€Å"Ol ‘man river†.Then when Mr. Fox gives the final toast Kristofersen hear the theme actually for my Ash theme because we hear when leaving Ash, and we listened to the beginning when Mr. Fox is proud of and will be fox and what he has done, so we know that Ash will be (and was) like his father. And finally the movie ends wit h the monkeys dancing in the supermarket and the song â€Å"Let her dance† Bobby Fuller Four with a style similar to The Beach Boys as this type of music seems to be representing the personality and style of Mr. Fox.

Commercial Basic Credit Management EXIM Bank Experience

DECLARATION This Internship report is submitted as a partial fulfilment of the requirement of Bachelor of Business Administration . I am Md. Saiful Islam hereby declares that the work presented in this report titled â€Å"Commercial Basic Credit Management EXIM Bank Experience. † has been carried out by me and has not been previously submitted to any other University, College or Organization for any academic qualification, certificate, diploma or degree. The work I have presented does not breach any existing copyright.I further undertake to indemnify the university the against any loss or damage arising from breach of the foregoing obligations. Md. Saiful Islam ID NO. 0101092908 Department of Business Administration IBAIS University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At first, I foremost like to express my heartiest thankfulness to Almighty Allah to reach me at the end of the BBA Internship. I would like to take the opportunity to express my heartiest gratitude to my honourable supervisor Mahabb at Hosen, Department of Business Administration, IBAIS University for his continuous guidance and support to complete this report.My special thanks to the respondent and my friends specially, Sumon and Monirul Islam former students of IBAIS University for their kind help and co-operation during the course of this Internship. My sincere apologies to the readers for my conceptual and printing mistakes (if any). Md. Saiful Islam ID NO. 0101092908 Department of Business Administration IBAIS University Certificate of the supervisor This is to certify that the thesis on ‘Accounting Performance on Credit Management and Legal Settlement EXIM Bank Ltd. An overview’ as a partial fulfilment of requirement of ‘Bachelor of Business Administration’ degree from ‘IBAIS University’.The thesis has been carried out under my guidance and is a record of the bona fide work carried out successfully. Signature: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Supervisor’s Full Name: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Faculty: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Letter of TransmittalDate: March 16, 2013 Mahabbat Hosan Lecture of IBAIS University Dept. of Business Administration Subject: Submission of Inter nship Report Dear Sir, It is my great pleasure to submit the internship report on â€Å"Accounting Performance on Credit Management and legal Settlement at EXIM Bank overview. † Which is the partial fulfilment of Bachelor of Business Administration of IBAIS University. I made sincere efforts to study related materials and documents, observe operations performed in EXIM Bank Experience and examine relevant records for preparation of the report.Within the time limit, I have to make this report as comprehensive as possible. But there may be some mistakes due to various limitations. For this reason beg your kind consideration in this regard. Sincerely yours. Md. Saiful Islam ID NO. 0101092908 Department of Business Administration IBAIS University Table of contents Part A Organization ChapterTopicsPage No. 1About The Report 1. 1Origin of the Report 1. 2Background of the Report 1. 3Objects of the study 1. 4Methodology of the study 1. 4. 1Primary Source of Data 1. 4. 2Secondary Sour ces of Date 1. 5Data Processing & Analysis Banking in Bangladesh 2. 1 Introduction 2. 2 Evolution of the word â€Å"Bank† 2. 3 Emergence of Modern Banking 2. 4Bank Development in Bangladesh 2. 5Concluding Note 3EXIM Bank At a Glance 3. 1Historical Background of EXIM Bank Ltd 3. 2Profile of EXIM Bank 3. 3Credit Rating 3. 4Vision and Mission 3. 5Functions of the EXIM Bank Ltd. 3. 6Corporate Culture 3. 7Human Resource Management of EXIM Bank 3. 8Organizational Structure 3. 9Management of Rajuk avenue Branch organ gram 3. 10Management of EXIM Bank Ltd 3. 11Social Commitments 3. 11. 1EXIM Bank Foundation and CSR Activities 3. 11. . 1Healthcare service 3. 11. 1. 2Scholarship program for brilliant poor student 3. 11. 1. 3Helping people affected by natural calamities 3. 11. 1. 4Education Promotion Scheme (Interest free loan) 3. 11. 1. 5Helping people in slum areas 3. 11. 1. 6Donation to educational institutions to setup computer lab 3. 11. 1. 7 Beautification of Dhaka City 3. 12Achie vement 3. 12. 1First private sector bank to open exchange house in UK: 3. 12. 2Implementation of the world renowned Core Banking Software (TEMENOS T24) 3. 12. 3Conversion from Conventional Banking to Shariah Based Islamic Banking . 13Performance of EXIM Bank Ltd. 3. 14Shariah Board 3. 14. 1Shariah Auditing 3. 14. 2Banking with shariah principles 3. 15SWIFT Services 3. 15. 1SWIFT Network 3. 15. 2SWIFT is the logical choice for most international financial transactions 3. 15. 3SWIFT Messages 3. 16ATM Network 3. 17List of Branches 4Theoretical Aspect of Credit Management and Credit Policy 4. 1Credit Policy 4. 1. 1Definition of Credit Policy 4. 1. 2Purposes of Credit Policy 4. 1. 3Formulation of a Credit Policy 4. 1. 4Essential Components of a Sound Credit Policy 4. 1. 5Lending Guidelines 4. 1. Focus on Industry and Business Segment 4. 1. 7Types of Credit Facilities: Bank will go for 4. 2Credit Management 4. 2. 1 Process of Credit Management 4. 2. 2 Policy guidelines 4. 2. 3 Program gui delines 4. 2. 4Tools of Credit Management 4. 2. 5Definition of Credit Risk Grading(CRG) 4. 2. 6Use of Credit Risk Grading 4. 2. 7Number and short name of grades used in the CRG 4. 2. 8Financial Spread Sheet in Credit Management Part B Project Analysis 5Investment Case by EXIM Bank 5. 1Introduction 5. 2 Economic Sector Wise Distribution of Fund 5. 3 Nature Wise Distribution of Loans and Advances . 4 Maturity Grouping of Distribution of Loans and Advances 5. 5Securities in Credit Management 5. 6Practical Cases 6Recovery of Investment Fund 6. 1Loan Recovery Programs 6. 2Recovery Programs taken by EXIM Bank 6. 3 Recovery Patterns of loan and advance 6. 4 Problems in loan recovery 7Classified Loan & Bank’s Performance 7. 1Introduction 7. 2Signs for Classification 7. 3Performance of EXIM Bank Limited 7. 4Evaluation of credit management of EXIM Bank from the customers’ point of view 7. 5Concluding Remarks Findings & Recommendation Bibliography Chapter 01 About The Report 1. O rigin of the Report Present world is changing rapidly to face the challenge of competitive free market economy. To keep place with the trend every organization need executive with modern knowledge. To provide fresh graduate with modern theoretical and professional knowledge in banking and all other different institution management, IBAIS University has assigned the internship program for the students to help them out to have a practical knowledge to work in a real official environment. Under this course the students are sent to gather practical knowledge about working environment and activities.As a prerequisite for the Bachelor of Business Administration Degree I was required to complete this internship program in a suitable business organization. I had been selected to work as an Internee in Export Import Bank of Bangladesh Limited, Rajuk Avenue Branch for a period of 3 months from October 13, 2012 to January 12, 2012. Md. Moidul Islam, Senior Vice President, HR division, Export I mport Bank of Bangladesh Limited appointed me as an Internee. After discussion and getting consent, I started to work on the project titled Accounting Performance on Credit Management and legal Settlement at EXIM Bank Ltd an overview†. . 2 Background of the Report For completion of the BBA degree all of the IBAIS University, students have to go through an internship program in an organization. For this reason BBA students require to undergraduate internship program where they match practical knowledge with that of theoretical knowledge which the acquired throughout the degree. The degree doesn’t complete unless a written report submitted to the faculty, basing on what have the students learned through the internship program. Being a student of BBA, I have the opportunity to work at EXIM BANK Ltd.Rajuk Avenue Branch. This report is prepared based on by observation during the tenor I was with them. 1. 3 Objects of the study The main objective of the study is the evaluatio n â€Å"Commercial Bank Credit Management EXIM Bank Ltd. † To achieve the main objectives, the study covers the following specific objectives. ?To understand the Commercial Bank Credit Management and its overview ? To know about the banking operation. ?To understand the different services provided by the bank ? To gather practical knowledge on Banking & to compare theory with ongoing practices. To present the suggestions to solve identified problems. 1. 4 Methodology of the study For the organization part, much information will be collected from different published articles, journals, brochures and web sites. All the information incorporated in this report will be collected both from the primary sources and as well as from the secondary sources. Here all the customers of EXIM Bank Ltd. who come to Rajuk Avenue Branch and related with the branch at least two years for doing various financial transaction constitute the total population of the study.The total samples are thirty clients who are related with the bank at least two years or more. I think they may represent the whole population. Each client who is conducting their business two years or more with Rajuk avenue Branch is a sample unit. 1. 4. 1Primary Source of Data Collecting data directly from the practical field is called primary source of data. The method that will be used to collect the primary data is as follows: Primary Sources are: †¢Face to face conversation with the employees. †¢Appointment with the top officials of the Bank. †¢By interviewing customers of the Bank. 1. 4. Secondary Sources of Date The secondary data will be collected from the MIS of EXIM Bank. To clarify different conceptual matters, internet and different articles published in the journals & magazines will be used. Secondary Sources are: ?Annual Reports of EXIM Bank ?Other published documents of Bangladesh Bank. ?Office files and documents ?Study related books and journals ?Group Instruction Manual & Busin ess Instruction Manual ?Web sites 1. 5 Data Processing & Analysis Collected information have then processed & compiled with the aid of MS Word, Excel & other related computer software.Necessary tables have been prepared on the basis of collected data and various statistical techniques have been applied to analyses on the basis of classified information. 1. 6 Limitations of the study In spite of having the wholehearted effort, there were some limitations, which acted as a barrier to conduct the program and for doing an empirical research work. The limitations were: ?The study was limited only to the EXIM Bank Limited. ?Another Problem was time constraints. The duration of my internship Program was only three months. But this allocated time is not enough for a complete and fruitful study. The Bank was a busy one having heavy rush of people, whom officers need to deal with. So allocation of time for an internee is very much tough for the officers of the bank. ?Bank is a sophisticate bu siness sector. So bank do not interested to provide me confidential data. As a result in my report there is a confidential data limitation. ?Non availability of up to date data. ?EXIM Bank is an Islamic bank for that reason I face some problems to understand their products & facilities they provide. Because some of the rules of the Islamic banking are deferent from the general banking rules ?The department people always remain busy due to lack of supporting employees so they could not dedicate their full efforts. Chapter 02 Banking in Bangladesh 2. 1 Introduction Bank is an establishment which makes such advances of money to individual, as may be required with which individuals entrust money when not required by them for use. A bank is one, who in the ordinary course of his business receives money which he repays by honouring cheques of persons from whom or on whose account he receives it. Banks deal mainly with money and credit. They purchase and sell money and credit. . 2 Evolutio n of the word â€Å"Bank† Etymology deals with the roots and origin of the word ‘bank’. Regarding etymology or origin of the word bank there is no unanimous opinion among the writers of banking. According to some writers the word bank derived from the word BANCO, BANCUS, BANQUE, and BANC, all of which mean bench upon which the early bankers used to display their coins and transact business in the market place. According to the some other writers the word ‘bank’ has been derived from the German word ‘BANKE’ which means a joint stock fund.The 1st version is widely accepted because at one time the banking history, money changing was looked upon as the most widely accepted function of a banker. Banking in the ancient times was largely confined to money changing and money lending. 2. 3 Emergence of Modern Banking In middle Europe the bankers of Lombardy were very famous. To them belongs the credit of modern banking. In other words they plante d the seed of modern banking in England. They settled in London at a place known as Lombard Street. Florence was the capital of Lombardy. Lombardy was a province in North Italy.Most of the prominent bankers of their present were from Lombardy. Among those prominent bankers we can named one who were famous not only in banking but also in political history in Europe. These Lombardy people were very much disturbed in 13’s by internecine work which was followed by plunder by Kaiser Frederick two. Lombardy people in large number as a result started migrating to more settled countries such as England, French, and Belgium. In England these Lombardy people brought the idea of modern banking and thus England becomes the home of modern banking. . 4 Bank Development in Bangladesh Indigenous banking in Bangladesh is as old as banking in other parts of the world. Money used to be accepted as a deposit and advances used to be given. During Mughal period, indigenous banking flourished. The subarna banik the bullion trading community used to do banking in the then Bengal. Subsequently, larger banking in Bangladesh was gradually taken over by the upcountry bankers who were known as Seth, shah etc. but subarna baniks continued to operate in rural Bengal.With the British gradually coming over to Bengal and settling here, banking in the form of agency house, exchanging house started to flourish in kolkata. Entry of the Bengalese into banking started in the part of this century, especially in the wake of the swadeshi movement. In 1947 after the separation of India and Pakistan, bank business faced a severe disaster as non-Muslim bankers migrated to India. In order to rebuild the bank business State bank of Pakistan was established as a central bank of Pakistan in 1948. In 1971 Bangladesh became independent.After liberation â€Å"Bangladesh bank was automated with the asset and liabilities of former â€Å"State bank of Pakistan†. There were several banks before indep endence of Bangladesh as follows: (1) The national bank of Pakistan (2)The bank of Vowalpur ltd. (3)The premier bank ltd. (4)The Habib bank ltd. (5)The commerce bank ltd. (6)The united bank ltd. (7)The union bank ltd. (8)The Muslim commercial bank ltd. (9)The standard bank ltd. (10) The Australasia bank ltd. (11) The eastern mercantile bank ltd. (12) The eastern banking corporation ltd. Bangladesh Bank nationalization Order promulgated on 26 March in 1972.After the liberation war the above 1st three banks were converted to The Sonali Bank, The 2nd two banks were converted to The Agrani Bank, the next two banks were converted to The Janata Bank, the next three banks were converted to The Rupali Bank, the next one bank was converted to The Pubali Bank and the last bank was converted to The Uttara Bank. Banks in Bangladesh have correspondent relationship with other banks in foreign countries in order to sell their services or to purchase services from them. A summary picture of the cou ntry's commercial banks is presented in the table on Banks of Bangladesh.Statement of Banks in the year 2011 Name of BankBranchesCorrespondent Banks Sonali Bank1307 (1)*369 Janata Bank898 (4)1160 Agrani Bank903980 Rupali Bank514 (1)160 Pubali Bank350433 Uttara Bank198300 National Bank66143 The City Bank 76252 United Commercial Bank79110 Arab – Bangladesh Bank62 (1)310 IFIC Bank54 (2)200 Islami Bank Bangladesh109650 Al-Baraka Bank Bangladesh34117 Eastern Bank2137 National Credit & Commerce Bank27232 Prime Bank20198 South-East Bank12190 Dhaka Bank12271 Al-Arafa Islami Bank 34127 Social Investment Bank1252 Dutch-Bangla Bank69 Mercantile Bank89 Standard Bank913 One Bank155EXIM Bank37 Premier Bank 411 First Security Bank13 Mutual Trust Bank214 Bank Asia 55 Trust Bank525 Bangladesh Commerce Bank2413 * Figures in parentheses indicate number of overseas branches 2. 5 Concluding Note Today’s bank in Bangladesh has not developed over night. Before and after independence of Bangl adesh the concept of bank was developed in Bangladesh gradually. So I can easily say that bank history is as ancient as the human civilization. Chapter 03 EXIM Bank at a Glance 3. 1 Historical Background of EXIM Bank Ltd EXIM Bank Limited was established in 1999 under the leadership of Late Mr.Shahjahan Kabir, founder chairman who had a long dream of floating a commercial bank which would contribute to the socio-economic development of our country. He had a long experience as a good banker. A group of highly qualified and successful entrepreneurs joined their hands with the founder chairman to materialize his dream. Indeed, all of them proved themselves in their respective business as most successful star with their endeavor, intelligence, hard working and talent entrepreneurship. Among them, Mr. Nazrul Islam Mazumder became the honorable chairman after the demise of the honorable founder chairman.This bank starts functioning from 3rd August, 1999 with Mr. Alamgir Kabir, FCA as the advisor and Mr. Mohammad Lakiotullah as the Managing Director. Both of them have long experience in the financial sector of our country. By their pragmatic decision and management directives in the operational activities, this bank has earned a secured and distinctive position in the banking industry in terms of performance, growth, and excellent management. The authorized capital and paid up capital of the bank are Tk. 3500. 00 million and Tk 2677. 80 million respectively.The bank has migrated all of its conventional banking operation into Shariah based Islami banking since July/2004. 3. 2 Profile of EXIM Bank †¢Legal Status. Public Limited Company †¢Establish 1999 †¢Incorporated 2nd June,1999 †¢Activity Starts 3rd August,1999 †¢Islamic Banking 1st July,2004 †¢Listing with Dhaka Stock Exchange September, 2006. Listing with Chittagong Stock Exchange September, 2006. †¢Inauguration of First Branch 3rd August, 1999. †¢Authorized Capital TK. 10 00Million †¢Profit TK 4967563969 million †¢Total Asset TK 41793540. 962 million †¢Shares TK 2233254288 million †¢Paid up Capital TK 878. 5 Million †¢Reserve Fund TK 569. 98 Million †¢Number of Employees 1630 Persons †¢No. of Branches 52 †¢Proposed Branches 08 3. 3 Credit Rating oLong Term A-(Adequate Safety) oShort Term ST-3 (Good Grade) 3. 4 Vision and Mission ?To be the finest bank in the banking arena of Bangladesh under the Shariah guidelines. Contribute significantly to the national economy ?To maintain Corporate and business ethics. ?To become a trusted repository of customers' money and their financial advisor. ?To make our stock superior and rewarding to the customers/share holders. ?To display team spirit and professionalism. ?To have a Sound Capital Base. ?To provide high quality financial services in export and import trade. ?To provide excellent quality Customer service ?To provide standard financial services. ?Wealth maximizat ion 3. 5 Functions of the EXIM Bank Ltd ?The main task of the EXIM Bank Ltd. s to accept deposit from various customers through various accounts. ?Provides loans on easy terms and condition. ?The bank invest it fund in to profitable sector. ?It transfers money by Demand Draft, Pay Order, on line and Telegraph Transfer. ?The bank is doing the transaction of bill exchange, cheque etc. on behalf of the clients. ?EXIM Bank assists in the foreign exchange by issuing LC. ?Above all, EXIM Bank helps the businessmen financially by giving discount facility for bill of exchange and by providing the facility of letter of guarantee. 3. 6 Corporate CultureThis bank is one of the most disciplined Banks with a distinctive corporate culture. The bank believes in shared meaning, shared understanding and shared sense making. The employee of the bank can see and understand events, activities, objects and situation in a distinctive way. They mould their manners and etiquette, character individually to suit the purpose of the Bank and the needs of the customers who are of paramount importance to the bank. The people in the Bank see themselves as a tight knit team/family that believes in working together for growth.The corporate culture we belong has not been imposed; it has rather been achieved through our corporate conduct 3. 7 Human Resource Management of EXIM Bank Human resource is the fundamental asset of the organization. Human resource approach is concerned with the growth and development of people toward higher level of competency, creativity and fulfillment. Therefore, human resources development has been given its due importance in an environment that’s values performance, teamwork, fairness and integrity, it has both quantities dimension .EXIM Bank recognizes that intellectual capital is the most important asset for a financial institution. Without proper and efficient human resources, no organization. The Bank believes that the professional competence Bank person al and its commitment for accomplishing assigned responsibilities are a first line of defense to prevent irregularities. †¢The objectives of Human Resource Management of EXIM Bank are as follows: oConduction of job analysis. oPlanning employee needs and recruiting job candidate. oSelecting job candidates. Orienting and training of new employees. oManaging wages and salaries (compensating Employees). oProviding incentives and benefits. oAppraising performance. oCommunicating (Interview, counseling, disciplining) oTraining and developing managers. oBuilding employee commitment. 3. 8 Organizational Structure 3. 9 Management of Rajuk Avenue Branch Organ gram 3. 10 Management of EXIM Bank Ltd Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the work of organization member and of using all available resources to reach stated organizational goals.The strength of the bank depends of the strength of its management team. EXIM Bank is proud to have a team of high ly motivated, well-educated and experienced executive who have been contributing substantially to the continued progress of the bank. Managerial effectiveness has been measured in EXIM Bank in terms of come selected criteria such deposit mobilization, loans and advances made, loan recovery, profitability’s and productivity, it has been found that EXIM Bank is effective in respect of branch expansion, loan disbursement, loan recovery etc.With a short span of time, EXIM Bank has become one of the leading and most successful bank not only among the third generation banks but also it superseded many other bank and financial institutions belonging to second and even first generation banks from the point of view under the dynamic leadership of its management. Management is trying to support and assist well motivated and experienced affairs to run day to day affairs of the bank smoothly.For maintains quality management, its required to train up more official at head office and branc h level in respect of sanctioning, disbursement and recovery of credit, project appraisals, customer services etc 3. 11 Social Commitments 3. 11. 1 EXIM Bank Foundation and CSR Activities At least 2% of the annual profit of every year is put aside for the foundation to conduct Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) activities. The mainstream CSR activities that are carried out through this foundation are:- †¢Healthcare service. †¢Scholarship program for brilliant poor student. †¢Education Promotion Scheme (Interest free loan). Helping people affected by natural calamities. †¢Helping people in slum areas. †¢Donation to educational institutions to setup computer lab. †¢Beautification of Dhaka City. 3. 11. 1. 1 Healthcare service A 5 storied building having 10,000 sft floor space at 840 Kazi Para, Rokeya Sarani, Mirpur, Dhaka-1216 has been hired to set up EXIM Bank Hospital. The decoration of this hospital is going on in full swing. A doctor has been recr uited who is working as a resident director of the hospital. Other doctors and hospital staffs have been in the process of selection through recruitment notice already published in the national dailies.They will be appointed as soon as the decoration of the hospital is complete. 3. 11. 1. 2 Scholarship program for brilliant poor student This is a stipend package for poor and meritorious students that take care of the beneficiaries throughout their student life. EXIM Bank Scholarship Programme, launched in 2006 with 61 poor and meritorious students selected from different reputed educational institutions of Dhaka City including Govt. Laboratory High School, Viqarunnissa Noon School and College, Dhaka University, BUET, Dhaka Medical College, etc. nrolled as many as 1000 students from around 150 reputed educational institutions across the country by 31 December 2008. They are enrolled in the this programme to be taken care of for their whole educational life subject to their fulfilment of the eligibility criteria that include satisfactory academic results, non-involvement in student politics, financial insolvency etc. So far Tk. 19. 3 million has been disbursed as scholarship under this programme. 3. 11. 1. 3 Helping people affected by natural calamities Another vital area we are dealing with as part of our CSR activities is helping people survive natural calamities.Under this welfare programmer, EXIM Bank provides relief in cash and kind for flood, fire or cyclone victims and cold-stricken people. The aim of these CSR activities is to help the target group overcome their provisional handicap and contribute to the socio-economic growth as soon as possible. 3. 11. 1. 4 Education Promotion Scheme (Interest free loan) Under Education Promotion Scheme, quard or interest-free loan is provided for poor and meritorious students to help them bear monthly educational expenditure including academic expenses, food, accommodation, etc.The quard is disbursed to the selected s tudents in monthly installments till their accomplishing the master degree. Under this programme the students are required to repay the amount (only the principal amount) in long-term monthly installments after they have joined a confirmed job accomplishing their education properly. By 31 December 2008, Tk. 19. 7 million was sanctioned to take care of around 138 poor and meritorious students from a number of reputed educational institutions like Dhaka University, Chittagong University, Dhaka Medical College, BUET, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology etc. . 11. 1. 5 Helping people in slum areas Besides natural calamities, fire breaks out sometimes in slum areas that guts the shanties and renders the affected people totally helpless. In that situation, we help the victims fight against the hard days and return to normal life. 3. 11. 1. 6 Donation to educational institutions to setup computer lab We have donated to Dhaka University and Chi ttagong University to set up two computer labs that help the students of those universities acquire ICT knowledge. This will certainly help the students to be ready to take the challenges of this information society. 3. 11. 1. Beautification of Dhaka City In response to the call of the Dhaka City Corporation, EXIM Bank has been sharing a good portion of the mammoth task of beautifying the capital since 2005. To make the capital a modern city enriched with adequate urban amenities, EXIM Bank always joins hands with the government. 3. 12 Achievement 3. 12. 1 First private sector bank to open exchange house in UK In order to ensure delivery of smooth and most reliable remittance services to NRBs living and working in UK, Export Import Bank of Bangladesh Limited (EXIM Bank) has started operation of its wholly owned subsidiary â€Å"EXIM Exchange Company (UK) Ltd†. n 30th June 2009 in London, United Kingdom, one of the oldest destinations for the expatriate Bangladeshis. It is the first exchange house owned by a Bangladeshi private bank. Bangladesh Bank Governor Dr. Atiur Rahman inaugurated the exchange house as the Chief Guest, while H. E. Dr. M. Sayeedur Rahman Khan, Honorable High Commissioner, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, was present in the program as special guest. Chairman of EXIM Bank and Director of EXIM Exchange Company (UK) Ltd. Mr.Md Nazrul Islam Mazumder presided over the program. Deputy High Commissioner Mr. Allamah Siddique, Director of EXIM Bank Mr. Muhammed Nurul Fazal Bulbul, Mrs Nasrin Islam, Mr. Abdullah-Al-Zahir Swapan, Mr. Md. Shahidullah, Managing Director of EXIM Bank Mr. Kazi Masihur Rahman and local elites were also present in the opening ceremony. With the opening of EXIM Exchange the Bangladeshi expatriates will now be able to send remittances to their family members back home within shortest possible time through online transfer to all the branches of EXIM Bank.EXIM Exchange Company (UK) Ltd is located at the Universal House of Wentworth Street London which is a very convenient location for the Bangladeshi community and business houses. Unlike any other exchange company operating in UK, as EXIM Exchange is completely owned and supervised by EXIM Bank under the approval of Bangladesh Bank and UK regulators, it is expected to be the most reliable and trusted Exchange House for the NRBs. 3. 12. 2 Implementation of the world renowned Core Banking Software (TEMENOS T24)All the branches of EXIM Bank have been using branch based banking software named PcBank2000 developed by Leads Corporation, Bangladesh. In order to replace this software with a centralized Shariah Based Islami Banking software, the bank management has made an agreement woth TEMENOS Switzerland to implement its world renowned Core Banking Software T24. Implementation of this software has been started at the end of the year 2007. A team comprising very skilled employees from both business and IT of the bank has been working day and night for implementing the Software. The team has been given training on the software from Chennai, India.Working very hard with the foreign consultants during the last one and half year, this team has successfully migrated our Motijheel branch and Head Office on 03/05/2009 after completing gap analysis, customization of the software and User Acceptance Test (UAT). The Motijheel branch and Head Office are now running on T24. This centralized software is capable enough to provide all sorts of electronic banking service to the valued customers through various electronic delivery channels. Bashundhara Branch has started to use this software from 17th March, 2010 3. 12. 3 Conversion from Conventional Banking to Shariah Based ISLAMI BankingIt is a great pleasure that by the grace of Almighty Allah, the bank migrated at a time all the branches from its conventional banking operation into Shariah based Islami banking operation without any trouble. Lot of uncertainties and adversities were there into this migration process. The officers and executives of our bank motivated the valued customers by counseling and persuasion in light with the spirit of Islam especially for the non-Muslim customers. Our IT division has done the excellent job of converting and fitting the conventional business processes into the processes based on Shariah.It has been made possible by following a systematic procedure of migration under the leadership of honorable Managing Director. 3. 13 Performance of EXIM Bank Ltd The business of banking consists of borrowing and lending. As in other businesses, operation must be based on capital but banks employ comparatively small of their own capital in relation to the total volume of their transaction. The purpose of capital on reserve accounts is primary to provide an ultimate cover against losses on loans investments. In Bangladesh, there are many types of banks which are formed as commercial banks.But above all, EXIM Bank of Bangladesh limited is a new generation of private commercial bank. The full abbreviation of EXIM Bank Ltd. The bank has got lending personalities business man and reputed industrialist as its sponsors. The bank will be immensely benefited from the valuable advice of the experienced sponsors of the bank. The late chairmen of the bank contribute much for the solid foundation of the bank at the initial stage. Unfortunately his untimely death caused a vacuum leadership of the bank. But within shortest possible time, the sponsors who in a position to select the next Chairman of the Bank.Performance of the EXIM Bank Ltd. During 2008 in all business arenas like deposit, investment and Foreign Exchange exceeded performance of the previous years. The Bank achieved satisfactory progress in all areas. Growth in deposit mobilization is 48. 44%, Investments 34. 73%, Import 54. 74%, and Export Business 39. 55%. 3. 14 Shariah Board The Board of directors has formed a Sharia Supervisory Board for the Bank. Their dut y is to monitor the entire Bank’s transactional procedures, & assuring its Sharia compliancy.This Board consists of the following members headed by its Chairman The tasks of the Sharia supervisor in summary is replying to queries of the Bank’s administration, staff members, shareholders, depositors, & customers, follow up with the Sharia auditors and provide them with guidance, submitting reports & remarks to the Fatwa & Sharia Supervision Board and the administration, participating in the Bank’s training programs, participating in the supervision over the AlIqtisad AlIslami magazine, & handling the duty of being the General Secretary of the Board.Members of Shariah Council: Professor Moulana Mohammad Salah Uddin Mr. Md. Nazrul Islam Mazumder Moulana Mohammad Sadequl Islam Mr. A. K. M Nurul Fazal Bulbul Professor H. M. Shahidul Islam Barakaty Mr. Md. Abdul Mannan Mr. A. S. M. Fakhrul Ahsan Mr. Zubayer Kabir Hafez Moulana Mufti Mohammad Khair Ullah Mr. Abdullah A l-Zahir Sawpan Hafez Quari Moulana Mufti Mohammad Nur Uddin Mr. Kazi Masihur Rahman 3. 14. 1 Shariah Auditing This is the civil supervisory aspect that shapes the Bank’s main feature.Its existence is part of the Sharia Supervision procedures. One of its main tasks is to check the Sharia compliancy in the Bank’s transactional procedures in accordance to the Fatwas issued in that regard, under the guidanceoftheShariaSupervisor. The Sharia auditor is assigned the task of revising the Bank’s transactional procedures throughout the year to check the extent to which the staff members and the different departments have abided by the regulations, advices, and Fatwas issued by the Fatwa & Sharia Supervision Board, forums, & banking conferences.As well as, assuring that all the contracts that states a right for the Bank or an obligation on the Bank is certified by the Fatwa & Sharia Supervision Board. Moreover, the Sharia Auditing submits periodic reports to the Sharia Su pervisor in order to be proposed to the Fatwa & Sharia Supervision Board to state what it finds appropriate in that regard. 3. 14. 2 Banking with shariah principles Export Import Bank of Bangladesh Limited is the 1st bank in Bangladesh that has converted all of its operations of conventional banking into shariah-based banking since July/2004.We offer banking services for Muslims and non-Muslims alike allowing our customers choice and flexibility in their savings and investments. Our products are approved by our Shariah Board comprising of veteran Muslim scholars of our country who are expert in all matters of Islamic finance. The process by which Noriba's investments are designed and executed allows the Bank to offer a combination of Sharia compliance and capital markets expertise that is unique throughout the world.Noriba is committed to the strict adherence to the requirements of the Sharia as a result of the Bank's sole focus on Sharia-compliant investments and the full supervisi on of its financial products and transactions by the Noriba Sharia Board. Noriba experts specifically design each of the Bank's investment vehicles with the approval of the Noriba Sharia Board. Once the given product or transaction has been arranged, the Noriba Sharia Board carefully screens it for compliance before giving final approval for its implementation.This control mechanism guarantees that all aspects of Noriba's final products and banking transactions are in adherence with the guidelines of the Sharia. 3. 15 SWIFT Services The SWIFT Service helped in sending and receiving the messages and instructions related to NOSTRO Account operations and L/C related matters. The banks have brought 11 of branches under SWIFT network. Other branches will come under the network hopefully by the 2005. SWIFT aims to provide a prompt and efficient service to help you gain the most from our products. As a part of this service a documentation set is supplied with each product.This Guide is a p art of that documentation set and contains as comprehensive and as up-to-date a description of the product as possible. 3. 15. 1 SWIFT Network SWIFT or the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication is a cooperative institution established in 1973 by a group of banks to manage their international telecommunications activities. Now over 2900 member banks, and regularly processes in excess of three million banking messages per day between banks in over 150 countries around the world own SWIFT. 3. 15. 2 SWIFT is the logical choice for most international financial transactionsWith over 5900 connections among the world's major banks, the chance is high that for any given transaction the bank you are dealing with is a SWIFT user. The SWIFT network provides facilities for ensuring that messages are transmitted in standard, internationally accepted formats, simplifying processing and permitting end to end automation of many banking transactions. SWIFT is highly secure, with elaborate mechanisms to ensure that information remains confidential, authentic and intact. With an extremely low unit transaction cost, SWIFT is nearly always the most cost-effective means of transmitting an international message. . 15. 3 SWIFT Messages In addition to its role as network provider, SWIFT is responsible for defining and maintaining standards for international banking telecommunications. Standards are necessary to ensure that banks understand the messages that they send to each other, and to allow them to process messages automatically. A. SWIFT message also comprises: ?Header containing the addresses of sending and receiving banks, the Message Type, Message priority, Delivery Monitoring Field, Obsolescence Period, Banking Priority. ?The usage and contents of SWIFT Message Headers and Trailers are more fully treated in the SWIFT.B. The advantages of SWIFT Message Types are: ?Predictability: Depending on the type of message, the format of the message can be predicted exactly, simplifying automation. ?Diversity: A specific Message Type exists for most banking activities. In order to use SWIFT Message Types and the SWIFT network, however, banks have to employ strict controls on the ways that messages are prepared to ensure that standards are respected and that the control Header and Trailer are complete and accurate. For this reason, most banks employ specialized computer software, such as PC Connect, to perform message preparation and processing. . 16 ATM Network The bank has already floated tender in the national dailies to setup a network of 60 ATMs and 350 POS machines. The job of ATM interfacing with the Core Banking Software is going on. Insha-Allah, by the end of this year, at least 10 ATMs will come under our own ATM network. 3. 17 List of Branches Dhaka Division ASHUGANJ BRANCH Address: Haji Zahirul Haque Munshi Shoping Complex, Ashugonj, Brahmanbaria. Phone: 01713-063433 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08528-7456ASHULIA BRANCH Addre ss: Rifat Square Plaza, Jamgora, Ashulia, Dhaka. Phone: 7789978,01755-583690 Email: [email  protected] om Fax: 7789480 BANANI BRANCH Address: Kazi's Haritage Road # 11, House # 49, Block # H, Banani, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8837871-3, 8837874, 01713-040588,01755-584939. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-8837875BASHUNDHARA ROAD BRANCH Address: KA-11/4, Bashundhara Road, Badda, Dhaka-1212. Phone: 02-8415154, 01730-357952 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-8413883 BOARD BAZAR BRANCH Address: Afzal Tower, Board Bazar, National University,Gazipur. Phone: 9293053, 01713-229344. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 9293054DHANMONDI BRANCH Address: House # 4/A, Plot # 4, Road # 16 (Old-27) Dhanmondi, Dhaka.Email: [email  protected] com ELEPHANT ROAD BRANCH Address: 218, Elephant Road, Bata Signal, Dhaka – 1205. Phone: 02-9667097-8, 01714-021767. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9667267FARIDPUR BRANCH Address: Faridpur Plaza,10, Thana Road, Faridpur. Phone: 0631-6117 0, 61128, 61174. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0631-61182 GAZIPUR CHOWRASTA BRANCH Address: Nasir Super Market(1st Floor), Chandana Chowrasta, Gazipur, Dhaka. Phone: 02-9263537, 9263538, 9256492, 01713-145498 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9256493 GULSHAN BRANCH Address: 75, Gulshan Avenue, Gulshan-1, Dhaka.Phone: 02-9862262, 9886296, 8819711, 01711-404821 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-8818703 HEAD OFFICE CORPORATE BRANCH Address: Symphony, Plot# SE(F):9, Road# 142, Gulshan Avenue, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8828985, 9884753, 9889567. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-8828962IMAMGONJ BRANCH Address: Haji Abdul Kader Mansion, 139 Chawk Mogoltuliy, Imamgonj, Dhaka Phone: 02-7315527-8, 01730-019954 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-7315530 KARWAN BAZAR BRANCH Address: BGMEA Complex (2nd Floor), 23/1 Panthapath Link Road, Karwan Bazar, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8140204-6.Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-8140200KERANIGONJ BRANCH Address: Rashed Iron Mar ket, Bond Dakpara, Zinzira Highway Road, Keranigonj, Dhaka. Phone: 02-7763691,02-7763692, 01730-706768. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-7763692 MALIBAGH BRANCH Address: 484, DIT Road, Malibagh, Dhaka – 1217. Phone: 02-9338578, 8319076, 01730-069695 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9357057 MAWNA BRANCH Address: Kitab Ali Plaza, Mawna Chowrasta, Sreepur, Gazipur. Phone: 06825 – 52359, 06825-52831, 06825-52830, 01713-099837, 01713-361833. Email: [email  protected] om Fax: 06825-52359 MIRPUR BRANCH Address: Srayoshe Tower, Plot # 7, Rokeya Swarani, 10 No. Crossing, Mirpur, Dhaka – 1212. Phone: 02-8054226, 8056776, 8033801. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-8035668 MOTIJHEEL BRANCH Address: Sharif Mansion, 56-57,Motijheel C/A, Dhaka. Phone: 9568534, 9552800, 9568093, 9554988, 9554988, Dir-9553778 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9569983 NARAYANGONJ BRANCH Address: 50, SM Maleh Road, Sattar Tower, Tanbazar, Narayangonj Phone: 764 0213, 7640214, 01711-439385 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 7640215NAWABPUR BRANCHAddress: 198/1, Nawabpur Road, Dhaka – 1100 Phone: 7125306, 7125307 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-7125308 NARIA BRANCH Address: Janakallan Bipony (1st Floor), Naria Bazar, Shariatpur. Phone: 0601-59135, 0601-59136, 01730-018970, 01730-018971 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0601-159124NEW ESKATON BRANCH Address: 27/1, New Eskaton Road, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8314159, 8314435, 9352854 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9349196 PALTAN BRANCH Address: Swadesh Tower, 41/6, Purana Paltan, Box Culvert Road, Dhaka-1000. Phone: 02-9513573, 02-9513574. Email: [email  protected] comFax: 02-9513572PANCHABOTI BRANCH Address: Atlanta Plaza (2nd Floor), Panchaboti, Fatullah, Narayangonj. Phone: 02-7672807,01730-001241 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 02-7672806 PANTHAPATH BRANCH Address: 19/2, West Panthapath, North Dhanmondi, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8124261, 9145911, 8141764, 9102671(E XP),9101334(IMP), 9101332(INV). Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-8126191RAJUK AVENUE BRANCH Address: 9, D. I. T Avenue, Ali Bhaban, Motijheel C/A, Dhaka- 1000 Phone: 02-9556884, 9565397, 9567115, 01713-164698 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-9555132 SAT MASJID ROAD BRANCHAddress: 47, Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka – 1209. Phone: 02-8118680, 9142073, 8141249, 01730-061460. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-8142232SAVAR BRANCH Address: B-71, Rana Tower,Bazar Road, Savar, Dhaka. Phone: 7742883, 01755-575408. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 7742882 SHIMRAIL BRANCH Address: Haji Ahasanullah Super Market, Chittagnong RD, Siddirgonj, Narayangonj. Phone: 7694672-3 (EXT. 101), 01714-038149, 01819-253283. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 7694268SONARGAON BRANCH Address: Zohra Mansion, Mograpara, Sonargaon, Narayangonj. Phone: 0672-356103, 0672-356205, 01755-584938Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0672-356155 UTTARA BRANCH Address: House # 61/A , Road # 7, Sector # 4, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka. Phone: 02-8919785. 8952847,01714-041406 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-2-8952838 Chittagong Division AGRABAD BRANCH Address: Mawla Chember, 6 Agrabad C/A, Chittagong. Phone:031-727657,727658,2510733, 2511264,01711-898224 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-715796BAHADDARHAT BRANCH Address: Khaza Super Market, 680/A, Arakan Road, Bahoddarhat, Chittagong. Phone:031-2555056,031-2555058, 01730031489. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-2555057BASURHAT BRANCH Address: Jharna Shopping Complex, Basurhat Bazar, Companygonj, Noakhali. Phone: 03223-56060, 03223-56073, 01755-594105, 01755-594112. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 03223-56575CDA AVENUE BRANCH Address: Commerce View Complex,191, East Nasirabad, Chittagong. Phone: 031-652074, 657609, 01713396538 (G. B. Dept), 01730452371 (FEX Dept). Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-653026. CHHAGALNAIYA BRANCH Address: H. S Plaza, Matin Road, Chhagalnaiya, Feni. Phone : 03322-78018, 01713-193388. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 03322-78188. CHOWMUHANI BRANCHAddress: 60/231, D. B. Road, Chowmuhani,Begumgonj, Noakhali. Phone: 0321 – 52700, 51034, 01714-084311. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0321 – 51034. COMILLA BRANCH Address: Goni Bhuiyan Mansion, A. K Fazlul Haque Road, Monoharpur, Comilla. Phone: 081 – 61850,01713-396537, 01973-229330 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 081-61722FENI BRANCH Address: Chistiya Trade Center, 308-310, S. S. K. Road, Feni . Phone: 0331-74060-1, 01730-001242. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0331-74062 KHATUNGONJ BRANCH Address: Union Square Building, 1078, Ramjoy Mahajan Lane, Khatungonj, Chittagong.Phone: 031-615544, 610711,2851291, 01711-898223, 01713-229384 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-639080LAKSHAM BRANCH Address: Sufia Complex, Doulotgonj Bazar, Laksham, Comilla. Phone: 08032 – 51333, 01711-726302 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08032-51252 MODAFFARGO NJ BRANCH Address: Alam Highway Supermarket (1st Floor), Modafforgonj, Laksham, Comilla. Phone: 01730-061455, 01730-061456 Email: [email  protected] com PAHARTOLI BRANCH Address: Noor Jahan Tower, Alanker More, Pahartoli, Chittagong. Phone: 031-2771695, 2771696, 01714-166966 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-750065SHITAKUNDA BRANCH Address: KDS Logistics Building, Sonaichhori, Sitakunda, Chittagong. Phone: 03042-51093, 01713-229338. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 031-2528900 SONAIMURI BRANCH Address: Mohammadia Super Market, Sonaimuri Bazar, Sonaimuri, Noakhali. Phone: 03227-51057, 03227-51058, 01711-750610, 01711-885754 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 03227-5105 THAKUR BAZAR KRISHI / SME BRANCH Address: Toffazal Hossain Chowdhury Market, Thakur Bazar, Shahrasti, Chandpur. Phone: 08427-56873, 08427-56878, 01730-373897. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08427-56874 Rajshahi DivisionBOGRA BRANCH Address: Sheikh Mansion, Baragola, Bogra Phone: 051-60702, 60703, 6 0705 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-51-60704 RAJSHAHI BRANCH Address: Mollah Super Market, Zero Point, Shaheb Bazar, Rajshahi. Phone: 0721-772004,772005 ,01730-097272. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0721-772004 Syhlet Division BEANIBAZAR BRANCH Address: Zaman Plaza(1st Floor), Beanibazar, Sylhet. Phone: 08223-56108,08223-56109, 01730-019951, 01730-452002 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08223-56110 BISWANATH BRANCH Address: Al Madina Complex, Puran Bazar, Jagannathpur Road, Biswanath, Sylhet.Phone: 08224-56219,08224-56218,01730-735340 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08224-56217 FENCHUGONJ BRANCH Address: Samad Plaza, Fenchugonj Bazar, Sylhet. Phone: 08226-56290 ,08226-56163. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08226-56162 GOALABAZAR BRANCH Address: Abdul Karim Mansion, South Goalabazar, Osmaninagar, Sylhet. Phone: 08242-56255, 08242-56256,01730-735341 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08242-56254 GOLAPGONJ BRANCH Address: Noor Mansion, Golapgonj, Sylhet. Phone: 08227-56461, 08227-56462, 01730-097268 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08227-56463MOULVI BAZAR BRANCHAddress: Al-Aksha Shopping Centre,Kusumbag Area, Moulvibazar. Phone: 0861-63007,63008, 01714-167459 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0861-63009 NOBIGONJ BRANCH Address: Bangla Tower, Sherpur Road, Nobigonj, Hobigonj. Phone: 08328-56526,01730-001240 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 08328-56528SYLHET BRANCH Address: Al-Hamra Shopping City, Zinda Bazar, Sylhet. Phone: 0821-724413, 0821-2831208, 01714-001964 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 880-821-725070 Khulna Division KHULNA BRANCH Address: A. Hossain Plaza 4, Sir Iqbal Road, Khulna. Phone: 041-2831470-2, 01730-018183Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 041-2831473JESSORE BRANCH Address: 37, M. K. Road, Jessore. Phone: 0421 – 67980-2, 01713-400273. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0421-67983 KUSHTIA BRANCH Address: Rajob Ali Market, 152, N. S. Road, Kushtia. Phone: 071-71625, 73866, 71526. Email: [e mail  protected] com Fax: 071-61158BARISAL BRANCH Address: 105, Nasim Biswash Lane, Sadar Road, Barisal. Phone: 0431-2177080,2177081,01714-178882. Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0431-63767 DINAJPUR BRANCH Address: Northern Plaza, Goneshtola, Dinajpur. Phone: +880-531-61880, Email: [email  protected] comFax: +880-531-61770. RANGPUR BRANCH Address: 268, Shah Amanat Shopping Complex, Jahaj Company More, Station Road, Rangpur. Phone: 0521 -61214, 0521- 61215 Email: [email  protected] com Fax: 0521 -61214 Chapter 04 Theoretical Aspect of Credit Management and Credit Policy 4. 1 Definition of Credit Policy Policy entails projected course of action. EXIM Bank has its own policy granting credit although credit is always a matter of judgment applying common sense in the light of one’s experience. A sound credit policy includes among other things safety of funds invested vis-a-vis profitability of the bank.Encouraging maximum number of small loans is better than concentrati on in a particular type of advances, which ensures sufficient liquidity with least incidence of bad debts. It has to be borne in mind that a good loan allowed to a properly selected borrower is half collected. In order to make a good loan there should have a good loan policy. 4. 1. 2Purposes of Credit Policy There are some objectives behind a written credit policy of Uttara Bank that are as follows: ? To provide a guideline for giving loan. ?Prompt response to the customer need. ?Shorten the procedure of giving loan. Reduce the volume of work from top level management. ?Delegation of authority of work from top level of management. ?To check and balance the operational activities 4. 1. 3 Formulation of a Credit Policy One of questions that should arise in a discussion of credit is who should formulate the policy. Although the ultimate responsibilities lay at the highest level in the organization i. e. the board of directors. Yet the actual drafting shall have to be done by the senior lending office in consultations with the chief executive officer and with contribution from senior officers, associates and subordinates.Obviously the level of origin will vary with the size and structure of the organization. The matter then referred to the board for approval after careful examination consideration and discussion. 4. 1. 4 Essential Components of a Sound Credit Policy There can be some variations based on the needs of a particular organization, but at least the following areas should be covered in any comprehensive statement of credit policy and EXIM Bank’s policy also covers these areas: 1.Legal consideration: The bank’s legal lending limit and other constraints should be set forth to avoid inadvertent violation of banking regulations. 2. Delegation of authority: Each individual authorized to extend credit should know precisely how much and under what conditions he or she may commit the bank’s funds. These authorities should be approved, at lea st annually, by written resolution of the board of directors and kept current at all times. 3. Types of credit extension: One of the most substances parts of a loan is a delineation of which types of loans are acceptable and which type are not. . Pricing: In any profit motivated endeavor, the price to be charged for the goods or services rendered is of paramount without it, individuals have few guidelines for quoting retag or fees, and the variations resulting from human nature will be a source of customer dissatisfaction. 5. Market Area: Each bank should establish its proper market area, based upon, among other things, the size and sophistication of its organization its capital standpoint, defining one’s market area is probably more important in the lending function than in any other aspect of banking. 6.Loan Standard: This is a definition of the types of credit to be expended, wherein the qualitative standards for acceptable loans are set forth. 7. Credit Granting procedure s: This subject may be covered in separate manual, and usually is in larger banks. At any rate, it should not be overlooked because proper procedures are essential in loan establishing policy and standards. Without proper procedure for granting credit and constant policing to ensure that these procedures are meticulous carried out, the best conceived loan policy will not function and inevitable, problems will develop. 4. 1. 5 Lending GuidelinesAs the bank has a rate of non-performing loans. Banks risk taking applied should be contained and our focus should be to maintain a credit portfolio keeping in mind of bank’s capital adequacy and recovery strength. Thus bank’s strategy will be invigorating loan processing steps including identifying , measuring , containing risks as well as maintaining a balance portfolio through minimizing loan concentration , encouraging loan diversification , expanding product range , streamlining security , insurance etc. as buffer again unex pected cash flow . 4. 1. 6 Focus on Industry and Business SegmentIndustry segment focuses on Textile, Pharmaceuticals, Agro-based, Food and allied, Telecommunication, Power generation and distribution, Health care, Entertainment Services, Chemicals, Transport, Infrastructure development, Linkage industry, Information technology, Ceramics, Others as decided from tome to time. And business segment focuses on Distribution, Brick field, Rice mill/ flour mill/ oil mill, Work order, Yarn trading, Cloth merchant, Industrial spares, Hardware, Electronic and electrical goods, Construction materials, Fish trading, Grocery, Wholesale/ retail, Others as dedicated from time to time . 1. 7 Types of Credit Facilities: Bank will go for ?Term financing for new project had BMRE of existing projects (large, medium, SME). ?Working capital for industries, trading services and others (large, medium, SME). ?Trade finance for import and export ?Lease finance ?Small loan for traders, micro enterprise and ot her productive small venture. ?Consumer finance ?Fee business 4. 2 Credit Management As EXIM bank is providing credit facility out of its total available funds, it has to manage these credits very efficiently.An efficient credit management system comprises many things and this cover the pre-sanction activities to post-sanction activities. Credit management is important as it helps the banks and financial institutions to understand various dimensions of risk involved in different credit transactions. At the pre-sanction stage, credit management helps the sanctioning authority to decide whether to lend or not to lend, what should be the loan price, what should be the extent of exposure, what should be the appropriate credit facility, what are the various facilities, what are the various risk mitigation tools to put a cap on the risk level.At the post-sanctioning stage, the bank can decide about the depth of the review of renewal, frequency of review, periodicity of the grading, and ot her precautions to be taken. Having considered the significance of credit risk, it becomes imperative for the banking system to carefully develop credit management. For this reason, the bank is maintaining a division which is well-known as credit division. 4. 2. 1 Process of Credit ManagementCredit Management Policy for any commercial bank must have been prepared in accordance with the Policy Guidelines of Bangladesh Bank’s Focus Group on Credit and Risk Management with some changes to meet particular bank’s internal needs. Credit management must be organized in such a process that the bank can minimize its losses for payment of expected dividend to the shareholders. The purpose of this process is to provide directional guidelines that will improve the risk management culture, establish minimum standards for segregation of duties and responsibilities, and assist in the ongoing improvement of concerned bank.The guidelines for credit management may be organized into the following sections: 4. 2. 2Policy guidelines a. Lending guidelines b. Credit assessment and risk grading c. Approval authority d. Segregation of duties e. Internal control and compliance 4. 2. 3 Program guidelines a. Approval process b. Credit administration c. Credit monitoring d. Credit recovery Now the guidelines are discussed in the following: 4. 2. 4 Policy guidelines a. Lending guidelines: The lending guidelines include the following: ? Industry and Business Segment Focus Types of loan facilities ? Single borrowers/ group limits/ syndication ? Lending caps ? Discouraged business types As a minimum, the followings are discouraged: oMilitary equipment/ weapons finance oHighly leveraged transactions oFinance of speculative investments oLogging, mineral extraction/ mining, or other activity that is ethically or environmentally sensitive oLending to companies listed on CIB black list or known oCounter parties in countries subject to UN sanctions oLending to holding companies. b. Cr edit Assessment and Risk Grading:A thorough credit and risk assessment should be conducted prior to the granting of loans, and at least annually thereafter for all facilities. Credit Applications should summaries the results of the risk assessment and include, as a minimum, the following details: ? Environment or social risk inputs ?Amount and type of loan (s) proposed ?Purpose of loans ?Loan structure ( tenor, covenants, repayment schedule, interest) ? Security arrangement ?Any other risk or issue ?Risk triggers and action plan-condition prudent, etc.Risk is graded as per Lending Risk Analysis (LRA), Bangladesh Bank’s Guidelines of classification of loans and advances. c. Approval Authority: Approval authority may be as the following: ? Credit approval authority has been delegated to Branch Manager, Credit Committee by the MD/ Board ? Delegated approval authorities shall be reviewed annually by MD/ Board. MD/ Board: ?Approvals must be evidenced in writing. Approval records m ust be kept on file with credit application ? The aggregate exposure to any borrower or borrowing group must be used to determine the approval authority required. Any credit proposal that does not comply with Lending Guidelines, regardless of amount, should be referred to Head Office for approval. d. Segregation of Duties: Banks should aim at segregating the following lending function: ? Credit approval/ risk management ?Relationship management/ marketing ?Credit administration e. Internal Control and Compliance: Banks must have a segregated internal audit/ control department charged with conducting audits of all branches. 4. 2. 5 Program guidelines a. Approval process: The following diagram illustrates an example of the approval process: b. b.Cre